Logos Bible Study

Matthew 5:22–44

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22But I tell you, everyone who is angry with his brother swill be subject to judgment. And whoever says to his brother, ‘Fool!’ twill be subject to the •Sanhedrin. But whoever says, ‘You moron!’ will be subject to •hellfire. uv23So if you are offering your gift on the altar, and there you remember that your brother has something against you, 24leave your gift there in front of the altar. First go and be reconciled with your brother, and then come and offer your gift. 25Reach a settlement quickly with your adversary while you’re on the way with him, or your adversary will hand you over to the judge, the judge to wthe officer, and you will be thrown into prison. x26I assure you: You will never get out of there until you have paid the last penny! y

Adultery in the Heart

27“You have heard that it was said, Do not commit adultery. za28But I tell you, everyone who looks at a woman to lust for her has already committed adultery with her in his heart. b29If your right eye •causes you to sin, cgouge it out and throw it away. For it is better that you lose one of the parts of your body than for your whole body to be thrown into hell. d30And if your right hand causes you to sin, cut it off and throw it away. For it is better that you lose one of the parts of your body than for your whole body to go into hell!

Divorce Practices Censured

31“It was also said, Whoever divorces ehis wife must give her a written notice of divorce. fg32But I tell you, everyone who divorces his wife, except in a case of sexual immorality, hcauses her to commit adultery. And whoever marries a divorced woman commits adultery. i

Tell the Truth

33“Again, you have heard that it was said to our ancestors, jYou must not break your oath, but you must keep your oaths to the Lord. kl34But I tell you, don’t take an oath at all: either by heaven, because it is God’s throne; 35or by the earth, because it is His footstool; or by Jerusalem, because it is the city of the great King. m36Neither should you swear by your head, because you cannot make a single hair white or black. 37But let your word ‘yes’ be ‘yes,’ and your ‘no’ be ‘no.’ nAnything more than this is from the evil one. o

Go the Second Mile

38“You have heard that it was said, An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth. pq39But I tell you, don’t resist ran evildoer. On the contrary, if anyone slaps you on your right cheek, turn the other to him also. s40As for the one who wants to sue you and take away your shirt, tlet him have your coat uas well. 41And if anyone forces vyou to go one mile, go with him two. 42Give to the one who asks you, and don’t turn away from the one who wants to borrow from you. w

Love Your Enemies

43“You have heard that it was said, Love your neighbor xyand hate your enemy. 44But I tell you, love your enemies zand pray for those who apersecute you, b

Read in Logos
Matthew 5:44–45: But I say to you, Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you, so that you may be sons of your Father who is in heaven. For he makes his sun rise on the evil and on the good, and sends rain on the just and on the unjust.

Footnotes

  1. s5:22 Other add without a cause
  2. t5:22 Raca, an Aram term of abuse similar to “airhead”
  3. •The supreme council of Judaism; it had 70 members and was patterned after Moses’ 70 elders.
  4. •The Greek word is gehenna; it is the Aramaic term for the Valley of Hinnom on the south side of Jerusalem; formerly, it was a place of human sacrifice, and in NT times, a place for the burning of garbage; it is the place of final judgment for those rejecting Christ.
  5. u5:22 the gehenna of fire
  6. w5:25 Other read judge will hand you over to
  7. y5:26 quadrans, the smallest and least valuable Roman coin, worth 1/64 of a daily wage
  8. •The Greek word skandalizo has a root meaning of snare or trap but has no real English counterpart.
  9. h5:32 Gk porneia = fornication, or possibly a violation of Jewish marriage laws
  10. j5:33 to the ancients
  11. n5:37 Say what you mean and mean what you say
  12. r5:39 Or don’t set yourself against, or don’t retaliate against
  13. t5:40 tunic; = inner garment
  14. u5:40 Or garment; robe; = outer garment
  15. v5:41 Roman soldiers could require people to carry loads for them.
  16. z5:44 Other add bless those who curse you, do good to those who hate you,
  17. a5:44 Other add mistreat you and

Cross references

  1. v5:22 Mt 18:9; Mk 9:43; Jms 3:6; 1Jn 3:15
  2. x5:25 Pr 25:8; Lk 12:58
  3. z5:27 Ex 20:14; Dt 5:18
  4. a5:27 Ex 20:14; Dt 5:18
  5. b5:28 2Sm 11:2; Jb 31:1; Pr 6:25
  6. c5:29 Mt 18:9; Mk 9:47
  7. d5:29 Mt 10:28; 23:15, 33; Lk 12:5
  8. e5:31 Jr 3:1; Mt 19:7; Mk 10:4
  9. f5:31 Dt 24:1
  10. g5:31 Dt 24:1
  11. i5:32 Mt 19:9; Mk 10:11; Lk 16:18; Rm 7:3; 1Co 7:11
  12. k5:33 Lv 19:12; Nm 30:2; Dt 23:21; Mt 23:16
  13. l5:33 Lv 19:12; Nm 30:2; Dt 23:21
  14. m5:34–35 Ps 48:2; Is 66:1; Mt 23:22; Ac 7:49; Jms 5:12
  15. o5:37 Mt 6:13; 13:19, 38; Jn 17:15; 2Th 3:3
  16. p5:38 Ex 21:24; Lv 24:20; Dt 19:21
  17. q5:38 Ex 21:24; Lv 24:20; Dt 19:21
  18. s5:39 Lk 6:29–30; Rm 12:17; 1Co 6:7; 1Pt 3:9
  19. w5:42 Dt 15:8; Lk 6:34
  20. x5:43 Lv 19:18; Dt 23:6; Lk 10:29
  21. y5:43 Lv 19:18
  22. b5:44 Lk 6:27; 23:34; Ac 7:60; Rm 12:20; 1Co 4:12; 1Pt 2:23