Logos Bible Study

Matthew 19–20

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Chapter 19

Concerning Divorce

1aWhen Jesus had finished these words, He departed from Galilee and bcame into the region of Judea beyond the Jordan;

2and 1large crowds followed Him, and aHe healed them there.

3Some Pharisees came to 1Jesus, testing Him and asking, “aIs it lawful for a man to 2divorce his wife for any reason at all?”

4And He answered and said, “Have you not read athat He who created them from the beginning made them male and female,

5and said, ‘aFor this reason a man shall leave his father and mother and be joined to his wife, and bthe two shall become one flesh’?

6“So they are no longer two, but one flesh. What therefore God has joined together, let no man separate.”

7They said to Him, “aWhy then did Moses command to give her a certificate of divorce and send her away?”

8He said to them, “Because of your hardness of heart Moses permitted you to 1divorce your wives; but from the beginning it has not been this way.

9“And I say to you, awhoever 1divorces his wife, except for 2immorality, and marries another woman 3commits adultery4.”

10The disciples said to Him, “If the relationship of the man with his wife is like this, it is better not to marry.”

11But He said to them, “aNot all men can accept this statement, but bonly those to whom it has been given.

12“For there are eunuchs who were born that way from their mother’s womb; and there are eunuchs who were made eunuchs by men; and there are also eunuchs who made themselves eunuchs for the sake of the kingdom of heaven. He who is able to accept this, let him accept it.”

Jesus Blesses Little Children

13aThen some children were brought to Him so that He might lay His hands on them and pray; and the disciples rebuked them.

14But Jesus said, “1aLet the children alone, and do not hinder them from coming to Me; for bthe kingdom of heaven belongs to such as these.”

15After laying His hands on them, He departed from there.

The Rich Young Ruler

16aAnd someone came to Him and said, “Teacher, what good thing shall I do that I may obtain beternal life?”

17And He said to him, “Why are you asking Me about what is good? There is only One who is good; but aif you wish to enter into life, keep the commandments.”

18Then he said to Him, “Which ones?” And Jesus said, “aYou shall not commit murder; You shall not commit adultery; You shall not steal; You shall not bear false witness;

19aHonor your father and mother; and bYou shall love your neighbor as yourself.”

20The young man said to Him, “All these things I have kept; what am I still lacking?”

21Jesus said to him, “If you wish to be 1complete, go and asell your possessions and give to the poor, and you will have btreasure in heaven; and come, follow Me.”

22But when the young man heard this statement, he went away grieving; for he was one who owned much property.

23And Jesus said to His disciples, “Truly I say to you, ait is hard for a rich man to enter the kingdom of heaven.

24“Again I say to you, ait is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle, than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God.”

25When the disciples heard this, they were very astonished and said, “Then who can be saved?”

26And looking at them Jesus said to them, “aWith people this is impossible, but with God all things are possible.”

The Disciples’ Reward

27Then Peter said to Him, “Behold, we have left everything and followed You; what then will there be for us?”

28And Jesus said to them, “Truly I say to you, that you who have followed Me, in the regeneration when athe Son of Man will sit on 1His glorious throne, byou also shall sit upon twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.

29“And aeveryone who has left houses or brothers or sisters or father or mother 1or children or farms for My name’s sake, will receive 2many times as much, and will inherit eternal life.

30“aBut many who are first will be last; and the last, first.

Chapter 20

Laborers in the Vineyard

1“For athe kingdom of heaven is like 1a landowner who went out early in the morning to hire laborers for his bvineyard.

2“When he had agreed with the laborers for a 1denarius for the day, he sent them into his vineyard.

3“And he went out about the 1third hour and saw others standing idle in the market place;

4and to those he said, ‘You also go into the vineyard, and whatever is right I will give you.’ And so they went.

5“Again he went out about the 1sixth and the ninth hour, and did 2the same thing.

6“And about the 1eleventh hour he went out and found others standing around; and he *said to them, ‘Why have you been standing here idle all day long?’

7“They *said to him, ‘Because no one hired us.’ He *said to them, ‘You go into the vineyard too.’

8“When aevening came, the 1owner of the vineyard *said to his bforeman, ‘Call the laborers and pay them their wages, beginning with the last group to the first.’

9“When those hired about the eleventh hour came, each one received a 1denarius.

10“When those hired first came, they thought that they would receive more; 1but each of them also received a denarius.

11“When they received it, they grumbled at the landowner,

12saying, ‘These last men have worked only one hour, and you have made them equal to us who have borne the burden and the ascorching heat of the day.’

13“But he answered and said to one of them, ‘aFriend, I am doing you no wrong; did you not agree with me for a denarius?

14‘Take what is yours and go, but I wish to give to this last man the same as to you.

15‘Is it not lawful for me to do what I wish with what is my own? Or is your aeye 1envious because I am 2generous?’

16“So athe last shall be first, and the first last.”

Death, Resurrection Foretold

17aAs Jesus was about to go up to Jerusalem, He took the twelve disciples aside by themselves, and on the way He said to them,

18“Behold, we are going up to Jerusalem; and the Son of Man awill be 1delivered to the chief priests and scribes, and they will condemn Him to death,

19and awill hand Him over to the Gentiles to mock and scourge and crucify Him, and on bthe third day He will be raised up.”

Preferment Asked

20aThen the mother of bthe sons of Zebedee came to 1Jesus with her sons, cbowing down and making a request of Him.

21And He said to her, “What do you wish?” She said to Him, “Command that in Your kingdom these two sons of mine amay sit one on Your right and one on Your left.”

22But Jesus answered, “You do not know what you are asking. Are you able ato drink the cup that I am about to drink?” They said to Him, “We are able.”

23He said to them, “aMy cup you shall drink; but to sit on My right and on My left, this is not Mine to give, bbut it is for those for whom it has been cprepared by My Father.”

24And hearing this, the ten became indignant with the two brothers.

25aBut Jesus called them to Himself and said, “You know that the rulers of the Gentiles lord it over them, and their great men exercise authority over them.

26“It is not this way among you, abut whoever wishes to become great among you shall be your servant,

27and whoever wishes to be first among you shall be your slave;

28just as athe Son of Man bdid not come to be served, but to serve, and to give His 1life a ransom for many.”

Sight for the Blind

29aAs they were leaving Jericho, a large crowd followed Him.

30And two blind men sitting by the road, hearing that Jesus was passing by, cried out, “Lord, ahave mercy on us, bSon of David!”

31The crowd sternly told them to be quiet, but they cried out all the more, “Lord, aSon of David, have mercy on us!”

32And Jesus stopped and called them, and said, “What do you want Me to do for you?”

33They said to Him, “Lord, we want our eyes to be opened.”

34Moved with compassion, Jesus touched their eyes; and immediately they regained their sight and followed Him.

Read in Logos

Footnotes

  1. 1Lit Many
  2. 1Lit Him
  3. 2Or send away
  4. 1Or send away
  5. 1Or sends away
  6. 2Lit fornication
  7. 3Some early mss read makes her commit adultery
  8. 4Some early mss add and he who marries a divorced woman commits adultery
  9. 1Or Permit the children
  10. 1Or perfect
  11. 1Lit the throne of His glory
  12. 1One early ms adds or wife
  13. 2One early ms reads a hundred times
  14. 1Lit a man, a landowner
  15. 1The denarius was a day’s wages
  16. 1I.e. 9 am
  17. 1I.e. Noon and 3 pm
  18. 2Lit similarly
  19. 1I.e. 5 pm
  20. *A star (*) is used to mark verbs that are historical presents in the Greek which have been translated with an English past tense in order to conform to modern usage. The translators recognized that in some contexts the present tense seems more unexpected and unjustified to the English reader than a past tense would have been. But Greek authors frequently used the present tense for the sake of heightened vividness, thereby transporting their readers in imagination to the actual scene at the time of occurence. However, the translators felt that it would be wise to change these historical presents to English past tenses.
  21. 1Or lord
  22. 1The denarius was a day’s wages
  23. 1Lit each one a denarius
  24. 1Lit evil
  25. 2Lit good
  26. 1Or betrayed
  27. 1Lit Him
  28. 1Or soul

Cross references

  1. aMatt 7:28
  2. bMatt 19:1–9: Mark 10:1–12
  3. aMatt 4:23
  4. aMatt 5:31
  5. aGen 1:27; 5:2
  6. aGen 2:24; Eph 5:31
  7. b1 Cor 6:16
  8. aDeut 24:1–4; Matt 5:31
  9. aMatt 5:32
  10. a1 Cor 7:7ff
  11. bMatt 13:11
  12. aMatt 19:13–15: Mark 10:13–16; Luke 18:15–17
  13. aMatt 18:3; Mark 10:15; Luke 18:17; 1 Cor 14:20; 1 Pet 2:2
  14. bMatt 5:3
  15. aMatt 19:16–29: Mark 10:17–30; Luke 18:18–30; Luke 10:25–28
  16. bMatt 25:46
  17. aLev 18:5; Neh 9:29; Ezek 20:21
  18. aEx 20:13–16; Deut 5:17–20
  19. aEx 20:12; Deut 5:16
  20. bLev 19:18
  21. aLuke 12:33; 16:9; Acts 2:45; 4:34f
  22. bMatt 6:20
  23. aMatt 13:22; Mark 10:23f; Luke 18:24
  24. aMark 10:25; Luke 18:25
  25. aGen 18:14; Job 42:2; Jer 32:17; Zech 8:6; Mark 10:27; Luke 1:37; 18:27
  26. aMatt 25:31
  27. bLuke 22:30; Rev 3:21; 4:4; 11:16; 20:4
  28. aMatt 6:33; Mark 10:29f; Luke 18:29f
  29. aMatt 20:16; Mark 10:31; Luke 13:30
  30. aMatt 13:24
  31. bMatt 21:28, 33
  32. aLev 19:13; Deut 24:15
  33. bLuke 8:3
  34. aJon 4:8; Luke 12:55; James 1:11
  35. aMatt 22:12; 26:50
  36. aDeut 15:9; Matt 6:23; Mark 7:22
  37. aMatt 19:30; Mark 10:31; Luke 13:30
  38. aMatt 20:17–19: Mark 10:32–34; Luke 18:31–33
  39. aMatt 16:21
  40. aMatt 27:2; Acts 2:23; 3:13; 4:27; 21:11
  41. bMatt 16:21; 17:23; Luke 18:32f
  42. aMatt 20:20–28: Mark 10:35–45
  43. bMatt 4:21; 10:2
  44. cMatt 8:2
  45. aMatt 19:28
  46. aIs 51:17, 22; Jer 49:12; Matt 26:39, 42; Luke 22:42; John 18:11
  47. aActs 12:2; Rev 1:9
  48. bMatt 13:11
  49. cMatt 25:34
  50. aMatt 20:25–28; Luke 22:25–27
  51. aMatt 23:11; Mark 9:35; 10:43; Luke 22:26
  52. aMatt 8:20
  53. bMatt 26:28; John 13:13ff; 2 Cor 8:9; Phil 2:7; 1 Tim 2:6; Titus 2:14; Heb 9:28; Rev 1:5
  54. aMatt 20:29–34: Mark 10:46–52; Luke 18:35–43; Matt 9:27–31
  55. aMatt 9:27
  56. bMatt 20:31
  57. aMatt 9:27