Logos Bible Study

Psalm 80:8–19

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80:8You uprooted a vine15 from Egypt;

you drove out nations and transplanted it.

80:9You cleared the ground for it;16

it took root,17

and filled the land.

80:10The mountains were covered by its shadow,

the highest cedars18 by its branches.

80:11Its branches reached the Mediterranean Sea,19

and its shoots the Euphrates River.20

80:12Why did you break down its walls,21

so that all who pass by pluck its fruit?22

80:13The wild boars of the forest ruin it;23

the insects24 of the field feed on it.

80:14O God, invincible warrior,25 come back!

Look down from heaven and take notice!

Take care of this vine,

80:15the root26 your right hand planted,

the shoot you made to grow!27

80:16It is burned28 and cut down.

They die because you are displeased with them.29

80:17May you give support to the one you have chosen,30

to the one whom you raised up for yourself!31

80:18Then we will not turn away from you.

Revive us and we will pray to you!32

80:19O Lord God, invincible warrior,33 restore us!

Smile on us!34 Then we will be delivered!35

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Footnotes

  1. 15 The vine is here a metaphor for Israel (see Ezek 17:6–10; Hos 10:1).
  2. 16 Heb “you cleared away before it.”
  3. 17 Heb “and it took root [with] its roots.”
  4. 18 Heb “cedars of God.” The divine name אֵל (’al, “God”) is here used in an idiomatic manner to indicate the superlative.
  5. 19 Heb “to [the] sea.” The “sea” refers here to the Mediterranean Sea.
  6. 20 Heb “to [the] river.” The “river” is the Euphrates River in Mesopotamia. Israel expanded both to the west and to the east.
  7. 21 The protective walls of the metaphorical vineyard are in view here (see Isa 5:5).
  8. 22 Heb “pluck it.”
  9. 23 The Hebrew verb כִּרְסֵם (kirsem, “to eat away; to ruin”) occurs only here in the OT.
  10. 24 The precise referent of the Hebrew word translated “insects,” which occurs only here and in Ps 50:11, is uncertain. Aramaic, Arabic, and Akkadian cognates refer to insects, such as locusts or crickets.
  11. 25 Heb “O God, hosts.” One expects the construct form אֱלֹהֵי before צְבָאוֹת (tséva’ot, “hosts”; see Ps 89:9), but יְהוָה אֱלֹהִים (yehvah ’elohim) precedes צְבָאוֹת (tséva’ot) in Pss 59:5 and 84:8 as well. See also vv. 4, 7 for a similar construction.
  12. 26 The Hebrew noun occurs only here in the OT. III כֵּן emends the form to כַּנָּהּ (kannah, “its shoot”).
  13. 27 Heb “and upon a son you strengthened for yourself.” In this context, where the extended metaphor of the vine dominates, בֵּן (ben, “son”) probably refers to the shoots that grow from the vine. Cf. Gen 49:22.
  14. 28 Heb “burned with fire.”
  15. 29 Heb “because of the rebuke of your face they perish.”
  16. 30 Heb “may your hand be upon the man of your right hand.” The referent of the otherwise unattested phrase “man of your right hand,” is unclear. It may refer to the nation collectively as a man. (See the note on the word “yourself” in v. .)
  17. 31 Heb “upon the son of man you strengthened for yourself.” In its only other use in the Book of Psalms, the phrase “son of man” refers to the human race in general (see Ps 8:4). Here the phrase may refer to the nation collectively as a man. Note the use of the statement “you strengthened for yourself” both here and in v. 15, where the “son” (i.e., the branch of the vine) refers to Israel.
  18. 32 Heb “and in your name we will call.”
  19. 33 Heb “O Lord, God, hosts.” One expects the construct form אֱלֹהֵי before צְבָאוֹת (tséva’ot, “hosts”; see Ps 89:9), but יְהוָה אֱלֹהִים (yehvah ’elohim) precedes צְבָאוֹת (tséva’ot) in Pss 59:5 and 84:8 as well. See also vv. 4, 7, 14 for a similar construction.
  20. 34 The idiom “cause your face to shine” probably refers to a smile (see Eccl 8:1), which in turn suggests favor and blessing (see Num 6:25; Pss 4:6; 31:16; 44:3; 67:1; 89:15; Dan 9:17).
  21. 35 Heb “cause your face to shine in order that we may be delivered.” After the imperative, the cohortative with prefixed vav (ו) indicates purpose/result.

In other versions

ESVEnglish Standard Version

You brought a vine out of Egypt;

you drove out the nations and planted it.

You cleared the ground for it;

it took deep root and filled the land.

The mountains were covered with its shade,

the mighty cedars with its branches.

It sent out its branches to the sea

and its shoots to the River.

Why then have you broken down its walls,

so that all who pass along the way pluck its fruit?

The boar from the forest ravages it,

and all that move in the field feed on it.

Turn again, O God of hosts!

Look down from heaven, and see;

have regard for this vine,

the stock that your right hand planted,

and for the son whom you made strong for yourself.

They have burned it with fire; they have cut it down;

may they perish at the rebuke of your face!

But let your hand be on the man of your right hand,

the son of man whom you have made strong for yourself!

Then we shall not turn back from you;

give us life, and we will call upon your name!

Restore us, O Lord God of hosts!

Let your face shine, that we may be saved!

NIVNew International Version (2011)

You transplanted a vine from Egypt;

you drove out the nations and planted it.

You cleared the ground for it,

and it took root and filled the land.

The mountains were covered with its shade,

the mighty cedars with its branches.

Its branches reached as far as the Sea,

its shoots as far as the River.

Why have you broken down its walls

so that all who pass by pick its grapes?

Boars from the forest ravage it,

and insects from the fields feed on it.

Return to us, God Almighty!

Look down from heaven and see!

Watch over this vine,

the root your right hand has planted,

the son you have raised up for yourself.

Your vine is cut down, it is burned with fire;

at your rebuke your people perish.

Let your hand rest on the man at your right hand,

the son of man you have raised up for yourself.

Then we will not turn away from you;

revive us, and we will call on your name.

Restore us, Lord God Almighty;

make your face shine on us,

that we may be saved.

CSBChristian Standard Bible

You dug up a vine from Egypt;

you drove out the nations and planted it.

You cleared a place for it;

it took root and filled the land.

The mountains were covered by its shade,

and the mighty cedars with its branches.

It sent out sprouts toward the Sea

and shoots toward the River.

Why have you broken down its walls

so that all who pass by pick its fruit?

Boars from the forest tear at it

and creatures of the field feed on it.

Return, God of Armies.

Look down from heaven and see;

take care of this vine,

the root your right hand planted,

the son that you made strong for yourself.

It was cut down and burned;

they perish at the rebuke of your countenance.

Let your hand be with the man at your right hand,

with the son of man

you have made strong for yourself.

Then we will not turn away from you;

revive us, and we will call on your name.

Restore us, Lord, God of Armies;

make your face shine on us, so that we may be saved.

NLTNew Living Translation

You brought us from Egypt like a grapevine;

you drove away the pagan nations and transplanted us into your land.

You cleared the ground for us,

and we took root and filled the land.

Our shade covered the mountains;

our branches covered the mighty cedars.

We spread our branches west to the Mediterranean Sea;

our shoots spread east to the Euphrates River.

But now, why have you broken down our walls

so that all who pass by may steal our fruit?

The wild boar from the forest devours it,

and the wild animals feed on it.

Come back, we beg you, O God of Heaven’s Armies.

Look down from heaven and see our plight.

Take care of this grapevine

that you yourself have planted,

this son you have raised for yourself.

For we are chopped up and burned by our enemies.

May they perish at the sight of your frown.

Strengthen the man you love,

the son of your choice.

Then we will never abandon you again.

Revive us so we can call on your name once more.

Turn us again to yourself, O Lord God of Heaven’s Armies.

Make your face shine down upon us.

Only then will we be saved.

LEBThe Lexham English Bible

You uprooted a vine from Egypt;

you drove out the nations and planted it.

You prepared a place before it,

and it took deep root and filled the land.

The mountains were covered with its shade,

and the mighty cedars with its boughs.

It spread its branches to the sea

and its shoots to the river.

Why have you broken down its walls,

so that all who pass on the road pluck fruit from it?

Swine from the forests devour it

and creatures of the field feed on it.

Please return, O God of hosts.

Observe from heaven and see,

and pay attention to this vine,

even the stalk that your right hand planted,

and concerning the shoot you strengthened for yourself.

It is burned with fire, cut down.

They perish at the rebuke of your face.

Let your hand be on the man of your right hand,

on the son of humankind whom you made strong for yourself.

Then we will not turn back from you.

Restore us to life, and we will proclaim your name.

O Yahweh God of hosts, restore us;

cause your face to shine that we may be saved.

KJV 1900King James Version

Thou hast brought a vine out of Egypt:

Thou hast cast out the heathen, and planted it.

Thou preparedst room before it,

And didst cause it to take deep root, and it filled the land.

The hills were covered with the shadow of it,

And the boughs thereof were like the goodly cedars.

She sent out her boughs unto the sea,

And her branches unto the river.

Why hast thou then broken down her hedges,

So that all they which pass by the way do pluck her?

The boar out of the wood doth waste it,

And the wild beast of the field doth devour it.

Return, we beseech thee, O God of hosts:

Look down from heaven, and behold,

And visit this vine;

And the vineyard which thy right hand hath planted,

And the branch that thou madest strong for thyself.

It is burned with fire, it is cut down:

They perish at the rebuke of thy countenance.

Let thy hand be upon the man of thy right hand,

Upon the son of man whom thou madest strong for thyself.

So will not we go back from thee:

Quicken us, and we will call upon thy name.

Turn us again, O Lord God of hosts,

Cause thy face to shine; and we shall be saved.