^12:1Now these are the kings of the land whom the Israelites defeated and drove from their land¹ on the east side of the Jordan,² from the Arnon Valley to Mount Hermon, including all the eastern Arabah:

^12:2King Sihon of the Amorites who lived³ in Heshbon and ruled from Aroer (on the edge of the Arnon Valley)—including the city in the middle of the valley⁴ and half of Gilead—all the way to the Jabbok Valley bordering Ammonite territory. ^12:3His kingdom included⁵ the eastern Arabah from the Sea of Kinnereth⁶ to the Sea of the Arabah (the Salt Sea),⁷ including the route to Beth Jeshimoth and the area southward below the slopes of Pisgah.

^12:4The territory of King Og of Bashan, one of the few remaining Rephaites,⁸ who lived⁹ in Ashtaroth and Edrei ^12:5and ruled over Mount Hermon, Salecah, all of Bashan to the border of the Geshurites and Maacathites, and half of Gilead as far as the border of King Sihon of Heshbon.

^12:6Moses the Lord’s servant and the Israelites defeated them and Moses the Lord’s servant assigned their land¹⁰ to Reuben, Gad, and the half tribe of Manasseh.

^12:7These are the kings of the land whom Joshua and the Israelites defeated on the west side of the Jordan, from Baal Gad in the Lebanon Valley to Mount Halak on up to Seir. Joshua assigned this territory to the Israelite tribes,¹¹^12:8including the hill country, the lowlands,¹² the Arabah, the slopes, the wilderness, and the Negev—the land of¹³ the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites:

^12:9the king of Jericho¹⁴ (one),

the king of Ai—located near Bethel—(one),

^12:10the king of Jerusalem¹⁵ (one),

the king of Hebron (one),

^12:11the king of Jarmuth (one),

the king of Lachish (one),

^12:12the king of Eglon (one),

the king of Gezer (one),

^12:13the king of Debir (one),

the king of Geder (one),

^12:14the king of Hormah (one),

the king of Arad (one),

^12:15the king of Libnah (one),

the king of Adullam (one),

^12:16the king of Makkedah (one),

the king of Bethel¹⁶ (one),

^12:17the king of Tappuah (one),

the king of Hepher (one),

^12:18the king of Aphek (one),

the king of Lasharon (one),

^12:19the king of Madon (one),

the king of Hazor¹⁷ (one),

^12:20the king of Shimron Meron (one),

the king of Acshaph (one),

^12:21the king of Taanach (one),

the king of Megiddo¹⁸ (one),

^12:22the king of Kedesh (one),

the king of Jokneam near Carmel (one),

^12:23the king of Dor—near Naphath Dor—(one),

the king of Goyim—near Gilgal—(one),

^12:24the king of Tirzah (one),

a total of thirty-one kings.

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Footnotes

1 Heb “and took possession of their land.”
2 Heb “beyond the Jordan, toward the rising of the sun.”
3 Or perhaps, “reigned.”
4 The reads here, “and the middle of the valley,” but the reading “the city in the middle of valley” can be reconstructed on the basis of Josh 13:9, 16.
5 The words “his kingdom included” are supplied in the translation for clarification.
6 The Sea of Kinnereth is another name for the Sea of Galilee. See the note on the word “Kinnereth” in .
7 The Salt Sea is another name for the Dead Sea.
8 Heb “from the remnant of the Rephaites.” The Rephaites were apparently an extremely tall ethnic group. See Deut 2:10–11, 20; 3:11.
9 Or perhaps “who reigned.”
10 Heb “gave it for a possession.”
11 Heb “Joshua gave it to the tribes of Israel as a possession according to their allotted portions.”
12 Or “the foothills”; Heb “the Shephelah.”
13 The words “the land of” are supplied in the translation for clarification.
14 For location see ; ; ; ; ; .
15 For location see ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; .
16 For location see ; ; ; ; .
17 For location see ; ; ; .
18 For location see ; ; ; ; .