^28:1¹ The Lord spoke to Moses: ^28:2“Command the Israelites:² ‘With regard to my offering,³ be sure to offer⁴ my food for my offering made by fire, as a pleasing aroma to me at its appointed time.’⁵^28:3You will say to them, ‘This is the offering made by fire which you must offer to the Lord: two unblemished lambs one year old each day for a continual⁶ burnt offering. ^28:4The first lamb you must offer in the morning, and the second lamb you must offer in the late afternoon,⁷^28:5with one-tenth of an ephah⁸ of finely ground flour as a grain offering mixed with one quarter of a hin⁹ of pressed olive oil. ^28:6It is a continual burnt offering that was instituted on Mount Sinai as a pleasing aroma, an offering made by fire to the Lord.

^28:7“ ‘And its drink offering must be one quarter of a hin for each lamb.¹⁰ You must pour out the strong drink¹¹ as a drink offering to the Lord in the holy place. ^28:8And the second lamb you must offer in the late afternoon; just as you offered the grain offering and drink offering in the morning,¹² you must offer it as an offering made by fire, as a pleasing aroma to the Lord.

Weekly Offerings

^28:9“ ‘On the Sabbath day, you must offer¹³ two unblemished lambs a year old, and two-tenths of an ephah¹⁴ of finely ground flour as a grain offering, mixed with olive oil, along with its drink offering. ^28:10This is the burnt offering for every Sabbath,¹⁵ besides the continual burnt offering and its drink offering.

Monthly Offerings

^28:11“ ‘On the first day of each month¹⁶ you must offer as a burnt offering to the Lord two young bulls, one ram, and seven unblemished lambs a year old, ^28:12with three-tenths of an ephah of finely ground flour mixed with olive oil as a grain offering for each bull, and two-tenths of an ephah of finely ground flour mixed with olive oil as a grain offering for the ram, ^28:13and one-tenth of an ephah of finely ground flour mixed with olive oil as a grain offering for each lamb, as a burnt offering for a pleasing aroma, an offering made by fire to the Lord. ^28:14For their drink offerings, include¹⁷ half a hin of wine with each bull, one-third of a hin for the ram, and one-fourth of a hin for each lamb. This is the burnt offering for each month¹⁸ throughout the months of the year. ^28:15And one male goat¹⁹ must be offered to the Lord as a purification offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering and its drink offering.

Passover and Unleavened Bread

^28:16“ ‘On the fourteenth day of the first month is the Lord’s Passover. ^28:17And on the fifteenth day of this month is the festival. For seven days bread made without yeast must be eaten. ^28:18And on the first day there is to be a holy assembly; you must do no ordinary work²⁰ on it.

^28:19“ ‘But you must offer to the Lord an offering made by fire, a burnt offering of two young bulls, one ram, and seven lambs one year old; they must all be unblemished.²¹^28:20And their grain offering is to be of finely ground flour mixed with olive oil. For each bull you must offer three-tenths of an ephah, and two-tenths for the ram. ^28:21For each of the seven lambs you are to offer one-tenth of an ephah, ^28:22as well as one goat for a purification offering, to make atonement for you. ^28:23You must offer these in addition to the burnt offering in the morning which is for a continual burnt offering. ^28:24In this manner you must offer daily throughout the seven days the food of the sacrifice made by fire as a sweet aroma to the Lord. It is to be offered in addition to the continual burnt offering and its drink offering. ^28:25On the seventh day you are to have a holy assembly, you must do no regular work.

Firstfruits

^28:26“ ‘Also, on the day of the first fruits, when you bring a new grain offering to the Lord during your Feast of Weeks, you are to have a holy assembly. You must do no ordinary work. ^28:27But you must offer as the burnt offering, as a sweet aroma to the Lord, two young bulls, one ram, seven lambs one year old, ^28:28with their grain offering of finely ground flour mixed with olive oil: three-tenths of an ephah for each bull, two-tenths for the one ram, ^28:29with one-tenth for each of the seven lambs, ^28:30as well as one male goat to make an atonement for you. ^28:31You are to offer them with their drink offerings in addition to the continual burnt offering and its grain offering—they must be unblemished.

Blowing Trumpets

^29:1“ ‘On the first day of the seventh month, you are to hold a holy assembly. You must not do your ordinary work, for it is a day of blowing trumpets for you. ^29:2You must offer a burnt offering as a sweet aroma to the Lord: one young bull, one ram, and seven lambs one year old without blemish.

^29:3“ ‘Their grain offering is to be of finely ground flour mixed with olive oil, three-tenths of an ephah for the bull, two-tenths of an ephah for the ram, ^29:4and one-tenth for each of the seven lambs, ^29:5with one male goat for a purification offering to make an atonement for you; ^29:6this is in addition to the monthly burnt offering and its grain offering, and the daily burnt offering with its grain offering and their drink offerings as prescribed, as a sweet aroma, a sacrifice made by fire to the Lord.

The Day of Atonement

^29:7“ ‘On the tenth day of this seventh month you are to have a holy assembly. You must humble yourselves;¹ you must not do any work on it. ^29:8But you must offer a burnt offering as a pleasing aroma to the Lord, one young bull, one ram, and seven lambs one year old, all of them without blemish.²^29:9Their grain offering must be of finely ground flour mixed with olive oil, three-tenths of an ephah for the bull, two-tenths for the ram, ^29:10and one-tenth for each of the seven lambs, ^29:11along with one male goat for a purification offering, in addition to the purification offering for atonement and the continual burnt offering with its grain offering and their drink offerings.

The Feast of Temporary Shelters

^29:12“ ‘On the fifteenth day of the seventh month you are to have a holy assembly; you must do no ordinary work, and you must keep a festival to the Lord for seven days. ^29:13You must offer a burnt offering, an offering made by fire as a pleasing aroma to the Lord: thirteen young bulls, two rams, and fourteen lambs each one year old, all of them without blemish. ^29:14Their grain offering must be of finely ground flour mixed with olive oil, three-tenths of an ephah for each of the thirteen bulls, two-tenths of an ephah for each of the two rams, ^29:15and one-tenth for each of the fourteen lambs, ^29:16along with one male goat for a purification offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering with its grain offering and its drink offering.

^29:17“ ‘On the second day you must offer twelve young bulls, two rams, fourteen lambs one year old, all without blemish, ^29:18and their grain offering and their drink offerings for the bulls, for the rams, and for the lambs, according to their number as prescribed, ^29:19along with one male goat for a purification offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering with its grain offering and their drink offerings.

^29:20“ ‘On the third day you must offer³ eleven bulls, two rams, fourteen lambs one year old, all without blemish, ^29:21and their grain offering and their drink offerings for the bulls, for the rams, and for the lambs, according to their number as prescribed, ^29:22along with one male goat for a purification offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering with its grain offering and its drink offering.

^29:23“ ‘On the fourth day you must offer ten bulls, two rams, and fourteen lambs one year old, all without blemish, ^29:24and their grain offering and their drink offerings for the bulls, for the rams, and for the lambs, according to their number as prescribed, ^29:25along with one male goat for a purification offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering with its grain offering and its drink offering.

^29:26“ ‘On the fifth day you must offer nine bulls, two rams, and fourteen lambs one year old, all without blemish, ^29:27and their grain offering and their drink offerings for the bulls, for the rams, and for the lambs, according to their number as prescribed, ^29:28along with one male goat for a purification offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering with its grain offering and its drink offering.

^29:29“ ‘On the sixth day you must offer eight bulls, two rams, and fourteen lambs one year old, all without blemish, ^29:30and their grain offering and their drink offerings for the bulls, for the rams, and for the lambs, according to their number as prescribed, ^29:31along with one male goat for a purification offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering with its grain offering and its drink offering.

^29:32“ ‘On the seventh day you must offer seven bulls, two rams, and fourteen lambs one year old, all without blemish, ^29:33and their grain offering and their drink offerings for the bulls, for the rams, and for the lambs, according to their number as prescribed, ^29:34along with one male goat for a purification offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering with its grain offering and its drink offering.

^29:35“ ‘On the eighth day you are to have a holy assembly; you must do no ordinary work on it. ^29:36But you must offer a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, as a pleasing aroma to the Lord, one bull, one ram, seven lambs one year old, all of them without blemish, ^29:37and with their grain offering and their drink offerings for the bull, for the ram, and for the lambs, according to their number as prescribed, ^29:38along with one male goat for a purification offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering with its grain offering and its drink offering.

^29:39“ ‘These things you must present to the Lord at your appointed times, in addition to your vows and your freewill offerings, as your burnt offerings, your grain offerings, your…

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Footnotes

1 For additional reading on these chapters, see G. B. Gray, Sacrifice in the Old Testament; A. F. Rainey, “The Order of Sacrifices in the Old Testament Ritual Texts,” 51 (1970): 485–98; N. H. Snaith, The Jewish New Year Festival.
2 Heb “and say to them.” These words have not been included in the translation for stylistic reasons.
3 Th sentence begins with the accusative “my offering.” It is suspended at the beginning as an independent accusative to itemize the subject matter. The second accusative is the formal object of the verb. It could also be taken in apposition to the first accusative.
4 The construction uses the imperfect tense expressing instruction, followed by the infinitive construct used to express the complement of direct object.
5 See L. R. Fisher, “New Ritual Calendar from Ugarit,” 63 (1970): 485–501.
6 The sacrifice was to be kept burning, but each morning the priests would have to clean the grill and put a new offering on the altar. So the idea of a continual burnt offering is more that of a regular offering.
7 Heb “between the evenings” meaning between dusk and dark.
8 That is about two quarts.
9 That is about one quart.
10 Heb “the one lamb,” but it is meant to indicate for “each lamb.”
11 The word שֵׁכָר (shekhar) is often translated “strong drink.” It can mean “barley beer” in the Akkadian cognate, and also in the Hebrew Bible when joined with the word for wine. English versions here read “wine” (, , ); “strong wine” (); “fermented drink” (, ); “strong drink” (, , ).
12 Heb “as the grain offering of the morning and as its drink offering.”
13 The words “you must offer” are not in the Hebrew text, but are implied. They have been supplied in the translation to make a complete English sentence.
14 That is, about 4 quarts.
15 Heb “the burnt offering of the Sabbath by its Sabbath.”
16 Heb “of your months.”
17 The word “include” is not in the Hebrew text but is implied. It is supplied in the translation to make a complete English sentence.
18 Heb “a month in its month.”
19 Heb “one kid of the goats.”
20 Heb “any work [of] service”; this means any occupational work, that is, the ordinary service.
21 Heb “unblemished they will be to you.” So also in v. 31.
1 Heb “afflict yourselves”; “mortify yourselves”; , “deny yourselves.” The verb seems to mean “humble yourself.” There is no explanation given for it. In the days of the prophets fasting seems to be associated with it (see Isa 58:3–5), and possibly the symbolic wearing of ashes.
2 Heb “they shall be to you without blemish.”
3 The words “you must offer” are implied.