Acts 12:25

Footnotes

1. 85 There are a number of variants at this point in the text: εἰς (eis, “to”) in א B 𝔐 sams syhmg; ἀπό (apo, “from”) in D E Ψ 36 323 453 614 1175 ; ἐξ (ex, “from”) in 𝔓74 A 33 945 1739 ; ἐξ Ἰερουσαλήμ εἰς Ἀντιόχειαν (ex Ierousalēm eis Antiocheian, “from Jerusalem to Antioch”) in {a few later manuscripts and part of the Itala}. A decision on this problem is very difficult, but for several reasons εἰς can be preferred. It is the most difficult reading by far in light of the context, since Paul and Barnabas were going to Jerusalem in 11:30. It is found in better witnesses, א and B being very strong evidence. The other readings, ἐξ and ἀπό, are different from εἰς yet bear essentially the same meaning as each other; this seems to suggest that scribes had problems with εἰς and tried to choose an acceptable revision. If εἰς is the earliest reading, ἀπό may be a clarification of ἐξ, and ἐξ could have arisen through confusion of letters. Or ἐξ and ἀπό could both have independently arisen from εἰς as a more acceptable preposition. Despite such arguments, however, the case for εἰς is not airtight: either ἐξ or ἀπό could be preferred on other lines of reasoning. The reading ἐξ enjoys the earliest support, and εἰς could have arisen through the same confusion of letters mentioned above. The immediate and wider context seems to mitigate against εἰς as the original reading: The aorist participle πληρώσαντες (plērōsantes, “when they had completed”) seems to signal the end of the mission to Jerusalem with the famine relief, so it would make sense in the context for the team to be coming from Jerusalem (to Antioch) rather than to Jerusalem, and 13:1 certainly presents the scene at Antioch. The later addition εἰς Ἀντιόχειαν after Ἰερουσαλήμ in some seems to be a clarification in light of 13:1 (notice that some of the that read ἐξ add εἰς Ἀντιόχειαν [945 1739], and some that read ἀπό also add εἰς Ἀντιόχειαν [E 323 1175]). Thus, the idea of spatial separation from Jerusalem is strongly implied by the context. This problem is so difficult that some scholars resort to conjectural emendation to determine the original reading. All in all, the reading εἰς should be preferred as original, recognizing that there is a good measure of uncertainty with this solution. For additional discussion, see .
2. 86 That is, from Jerusalem to Antioch (see Acts 11:29–30). For location see ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; .
3. 87 Grk “fulfilled.”
4. 88 Grk “ministry” or “service.”
5. 89 Grk “John who was also called Mark.”