23Then^a Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, ²“Speak to the Israelites,^b and say to them, ‘The festivals of Yahweh that you shall proclaim are holy assemblies; these are my appointed times.

Yahweh’s Sabbath

³“ ‘For six days work is to be done, and on the seventh day shall be a Sabbath of complete rest,^c a holy assembly; you shall not do any work; it shall be a Sabbath for Yahweh in all your dwellings.

The Passover

⁴“ ‘These are Yahweh’s appointed times, holy assemblies, which you shall proclaim at^d their appointed time. ⁵In the first month, on the fourteenth of the month at the evening is Yahweh’s Passover. ⁶And on the fifteenth day of this month is Yahweh’s Feast of Unleavened Bread; for seven days you shall eat unleavened bread. ⁷On the first day there shall be a holy assembly for you; you shall not do any regular work.^e ⁸And you shall present an offering for Yahweh made by fire for seven days; on the seventh day there shall be a holy assembly; you shall not do any regular work.’ ”^f

The Feast of Firstfruits

⁹Then^g Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, ¹⁰“Speak to the Israelites,^h and say to them, ‘When you come to the land that I am about to give to you and you reap its harvest, thenⁱ you shall bring a sheaf of the firstfruit of your harvest to the priest. ¹¹And he shall wave the sheaf before^j Yahweh for your acceptance; the priest shall wave it on the day after^k the Sabbath. ¹²And on the day of your waving the sheaf you shall offer^l a yearling^m male lamb without defect as a burnt offering to Yahweh. ¹³And its grain offering shall be two-tenths of an ephahⁿ of finely milled flour mixed with oil, an offering made by fire for Yahweh, an appeasing fragrance; and its libation shall be a fourth of a hin^o of wine. ¹⁴And you shall not eat bread or^p roasted grain or^q ripe grain until this very same day,^r until you present your God’s offering. This must be a lasting statute^s for your generations in all your dwellings.

The Feast of Weeks

¹⁵“ ‘And you shall count for yourselves from the day after^t the Sabbath, from the day of your bringing the wave offering’s sheaf—there shall be seven full weeks. ¹⁶Until the day after^u the seventh Sabbath you shall count fifty days; then^v you shall present a new grain offering for Yahweh. ¹⁷You shall bring from your dwellings for a wave offering two loaves of bread made with^w two-tenths of an ephah^x of finely milled flour; they must be baked with leaven—the firstfruits belonging to^y Yahweh. ¹⁸And, in addition to the bread, you shall present seven yearling^z male lambs without defects and one young bull^a and two rams—they shall be a burnt offering for Yahweh with^b their grain offering and their libations, an offering made by fire, an appeasing fragrance for Yahweh. ¹⁹And you shall offer^c one he-goat as a sin offering and two yearling^d male lambs as a sacrifice of fellowship offerings. ²⁰And the priest shall wave them with the bread of the firstfruits as a wave offering before^e Yahweh; in addition to the two male lambs, they shall be holy for Yahweh for the priest. ²¹And you shall make a proclamation^f on this very same day;^g it shall be a holy assembly for you; you shall not do any regular work;^h this is a lasting statuteⁱ in all your dwellings throughout^j your generations. ²²And when you^k reap the harvest of your^l land, you^m must not finish the edge of yourⁿ field at your reaping, and you^o must not glean the remnants of your^p harvest—you^q shall leave them behind for the needy and for the alien; I am Yahweh your^r God.’ ”

The Feast of Trumpets

²³Then^s Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, ²⁴“Speak to the Israelites,^t saying, ‘In the seventh month, on the first day of the month, you must have^u a rest period, a remembrance of the trumpet blast, a holy assembly. ²⁵You must not do any regular work,^v and you shall present an offering made by fire to Yahweh.’ ”

The Day of Atonement

²⁶Then^w Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, ²⁷“Surely the Day of Atonement is on the tenth day of the seventh month; it shall be a holy assembly for you, and you shall deny yourselves, and you shall present an offering made by fire to Yahweh. ²⁸And you must not do any regular work^x on this very same day,^y because it is the Day of Atonement to make atonement for you before^z Yahweh your God. ²⁹If there is any person who does not deny himself on this very same day,^a then^b he shall be cut off from his people. ³⁰As for^c any person who does any work on this very same day,^d I will exterminate that person from the midst of his people. ³¹You must not do any work; it is a lasting statute^e throughout your generations in all your dwellings. ³²It is a Sabbath of complete rest^f for you, and you shall deny yourselves on the ninth day of the month in the evening—from evening to evening you must observe your extraordinary^g Sabbath.”

The Feast of Booths

³³Then^h Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, ³⁴“Speak to the Israelites,ⁱ saying, ‘On the fifteenth day of the seventh month, this shall be the Feast of Booths for seven days for Yahweh. ³⁵On the first day there shall be a holy assembly; you must not do any regular work.^j ³⁶For seven days you must present an offering made by fire to Yahweh. On the eighth day it shall be a holy assembly for you, and you shall present an offering made by fire to Yahweh; it is a celebration; you must not do any regular work.^k

Summary

³⁷“ ‘These are Yahweh’s festivals, which you must proclaim, holy assemblies to present an offering made by fire to Yahweh—burnt offering and grain offering, sacrifice and libations, each on its proper day^l— ³⁸besides^m Yahweh’s Sabbaths and besidesⁿ your gifts and besides^o your vows and besides^p all your freewill offerings that you give to Yahweh.

³⁹“ ‘Surely on the fifteenth day of the seventh month, at your gathering the land’s produce, you shall hold Yahweh’s festival for seven days; on the first day there shall be a rest period and on the eighth day a rest period. ⁴⁰And on the first day you shall take for yourselves the first fruit of majestic trees, branches of palm trees and branches^q of a leafy tree and of a brook’s poplar trees, and you shall rejoice before^r Yahweh your God for seven days. ⁴¹And you must hold it as a festival for Yahweh for seven days in the year; it shall be a lasting statute^s throughout your generations; in the seventh month you must hold it. ⁴²You must live in the booths for seven days; all the natives in Israel must live in the booths, ⁴³so that your generations shall know that I made the Israelites^t live in booths when I brought them from the land of Egypt; I am Yahweh your God.’ ”

⁴⁴Thus^u Moses announced to the Israelites^v Yahweh’s appointed times.

The Sanctuary’s Lamp and Bread

24Then^a Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, ²“Command the Israelites^b that^c they should bring to you pure olive oil from beaten olives for the light to present^d a lamp continually. ³Aaron shall arrange for it outside^e the curtain of the testimony in the tent of assembly from evening until morning before^f Yahweh continually; it shall be a lasting statute^g throughout your generations. ⁴On the pure golden^h lampstand he shall arrange for the lamps beforeⁱ Yahweh continually.

⁵“And you shall take finely milled flour, and you shall bake with it twelve ring-shaped bread cakes: each one shall be two-tenths of an ephah. ⁶And you shall place them in two rows, six to the row, on the pure gold^j table before^k Yahweh. ⁷And you shall put pure frankincense on each^l row so that^m it shall be for the bread as a memorial offering, an offering made by fire for Yahweh. ⁸On every Sabbathⁿ he shall arrange it in rows before^o Yahweh continually; they are from the Israelites^p as an everlasting^q covenant. ⁹And it shall be for Aaron and for his sons, and they shall eat it in a holy place, because it is a most holy thing^r for him from Yahweh’s offerings made by fire—a lasting rule.”^s

Punishment for Blasphemy

¹⁰And an Israelite woman’s son, and he was an Egyptian man’s son, went out in the midst of the Israelites;^t and the Israelite woman’s son and an^u Israelite man fought in the camp. ¹¹Then^v the Israelite woman’s son blasphemed the name, and he cursed, so^w they brought him to Moses—and the name of his mother was Shelomith the daughter of Dibri, of the tribe of Dan. ¹²Then^x they put him in custody so that^y the matter might be made clear to them in accordance with the mouth of Yahweh.

¹³Then^z Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, ¹⁴“Bring the curser outside the camp,^a and all the hearers shall place their hands on his head, and the whole community shall stone him. ¹⁵And you shall speak to the Israelites,^b saying, ‘Any man^c when he curses his God shall bear^d his sin. ¹⁶And he who blasphemes Yahweh’s name certainly shall be put to death; the whole community certainly shall stone him. As the alien, so the native shall be put to death at blaspheming his name.

¹⁷“ ‘And when a man kills any human being, he certainly shall be put to death. ¹⁸And he who kills^e a domestic animal must repay for it life in place of life. ¹⁹And when a man causes^f a physical defect in his fellow citizen according to^g what he has done, so it shall be done to him: ²⁰fracture in place of fracture, eye in place of eye, tooth in place of tooth—according to^h the physical defect he causesⁱ to the person, likewise it shall be caused^j to him. ²¹And a killer of a domestic animal must repay for it, and a killer of a human shall be put to death. ²²You must have^k one norm; as for the alien, so^l it must be for the native, because I am Yahweh your God.’ ”

²³Thus^m Moses spoke to the Israelites,ⁿ and they brought the curser outside the camp,^o and they stoned him with stones, and the Israelites^p did just as Yahweh had commanded Moses.

Read in Logos

Footnotes

aOr “And”
bLiterally “sons/children of Israel”
cLiterally “a Sabbath of ‘Sabbathation.’ ” “Sabbathation” is not a real word, but it is devised as an attempt to convey the sounds of the related nouns in the Hebrew phrase
dOr “on”
eLiterally “all work of labor”
fLiterally “all work of labor”
gOr “And”
hLiterally “sons/children of Israel”
iOr “and”
jLiterally “to the faces of”
kLiterally “from the next day of”
lOr “sacrifice”; literally “do” or “make”
mLiterally “a son of its year”
nSupplied by context
oHebrew “the hin”
pOr “and”
qOr “and”
rLiterally “the exactly of this day”
sLiterally “a statute of eternity” or “a statute of long duration”
tLiterally “from the next day of”
uLiterally “from the next day of”
vOr “and”
wLiterally “they shall be”
xSupplied by context
yLiterally “to”
zLiterally “a son of its year”
aLiterally “a bull a son of cattle”
bOr “and”
cOr “sacrifice”; literally “do” or “make”
dLiterally “a son of its year”
eLiterally “to the faces of”
fLiterally “you shall proclaim”
gLiterally “the exactly of this day”
hLiterally “all work of labor”
iLiterally “a statute of eternity” or “a statute of long duration”
jOr “for”
kPlural
lPlural
mSingular
nSingular
oSingular
pSingular
qSingular
rPlural
sOr “And”
tLiterally “sons/children of Israel”
uLiterally “it must be for yourselves”
vLiterally “all work of labor”
wOr “And”
xLiterally “all work of labor”
yLiterally “the exactly of this day”
zLiterally “to the faces of”
aLiterally “the exactly of this day”
bOr “and”
cOr “And”
dLiterally “the exactly of this day”
eLiterally “a statute of eternity” or “a statute of long duration”
fLiterally “a Sabbath of ‘Sabbathation.’ ” “Sabbathation” is not a real word, but it is devised as an attempt to convey the sounds of the related nouns in the Hebrew phrase
gSupplied from the immediate context within this verse
hOr “And”
iLiterally “sons/children of Israel”
jLiterally “work of labor”
kLiterally “all work of labor”
lLiterally “a thing of a day on its day”
mLiterally “from to alone”
nLiterally “from to alone”
oLiterally “from to alone”
pLiterally “from to alone”
qCollective singular
rLiterally “to the faces of”
sLiterally “a statute of eternity” or “a statute of long duration”
tLiterally “sons/children of Israel”
uOr “And”
vLiterally “sons/children of Israel”
aOr “And”
bLiterally “sons/children of Israel”
cOr “and”
dLiterally “to cause raising up”; or “set up” (HALOT 830 s.v. 4.d)
eLiterally “from the outside of to”
fLiterally “to the faces of”
gLiterally “a statute of eternity” or “a statute of long duration”
hSupplied by context and the description of the lampstand in Exod 25:31
iLiterally “to the faces of”
jSupplied by context and the description of the table in Exod 25:24
kLiterally “to the faces of”
lHebrew “the”
mOr “and”
nLiterally “On the day of the Sabbath on the day of the Sabbath”
oLiterally “to the faces of”
pLiterally “sons/children of Israel”
qOr “eternal” or “enduring” or “perpetual”
rLiterally “a holy thing of holy things”
sLiterally “rule of eternity” or “rule of long duration”
tLiterally “sons/children of Israel”
uHebrew “the”
vOr “And”
wOr “and”
xOr “And”
yLiterally “to”
zOr “And”
aLiterally “to from an outside place of the camp”
bLiterally “sons/children of Israel”
cLiterally “A man a man”
dOr “and he shall bear”
eLiterally “he who kills the soul of” or “he who kills the life of”
fLiterally “gives”
gLiterally “as that”
hLiterally “as that”
iLiterally “gives”
jLiterally “given”
kLiterally “it shall be for you”
lHebrew “as”
mOr “And”
nLiterally “sons/children of Israel”
oLiterally “to from an outside place of the camp”
pLiterally “sons/children of Israel”