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Anakim (עֲנָק, anaq). The descendants of Anak. An unusually tall people that inhabited Canaan before the Israelite conquest.
The Anakim, like the Nephilim and the Rephaim, were known for their height (Num 13:33; Gen 6:4; Deut 2:10–11, 21; 9:2). They are particularly associated with the city of Hebron (Num 13:22; Josh 15:14; Judg 1:20). Three chiefs of Hebron are noted as descendants of Anak, who in turn was the son of Arba—after whom Hebron was called Kiriath Arba, “the city of Arba” (Josh 15:13; 21:11).
While they are primarily associated with Hebron, in one passage it is noted that they occupied a larger territory: Joshua “cut off the Anakim … from Hebron, from Debir, from Anab … and from all the hill country of Israel” (Josh 11:21 ESV). Caleb is also noted for driving out the Anakim from Hebron (Josh 15:13–14; Judg 1:20). Following the conquest, some were left in the Philistine cities of Gaza, Gath, and Ashdod (Josh 11:22).
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