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9:1–41 Jesus heals a man born blind. This public healing again has repercussions (as in 5:1–18) because the healing takes place on the Sabbath. Much of the chapter is concerned with the reaction to the healing and the ensuing discussion over Jesus’ authority, identity, and origin. The Pharisees react indignantly, accusing Jesus of failing to observe the Sabbath, which means He cannot be from God. Others point out the difficulty of such a successful healing being performed by one who was not from God. The testimony of the healed man is central to the depiction of his spiritual insight contrasted with the Pharisees’ continued spiritual blindness.

John 9:1–41 BECNT Jn

Miracles of Jesus Table

9:1 a man blind from birth That the man was born blind makes his healing that much more miraculous. This detail parallels the length of time (38 years) the lame man healed earlier had been disabled (5:5).

The severity of the disability is only one of many parallels between these two healing narratives in ch. 5 and John 9. Both healings involve pools of water (5:2; 9:7), and both take place on a Sabbath (5:9; 9:14).

9:2 Rabbi See note on 1:38.

who sinned Reflects the belief that congenital disabilities were the result of sin on the part of the individual or his parents.

This way of thinking derived from the desire to avoid making God responsible for afflicting suffering on the innocent. Wicked, sinful behavior led to suffering and punishment. The innocent should not suffer. Despite the popularity of these beliefs, the Bible does not teach a uniform cause-and-effect relationship between sin and suffering. For example, the main point of the ot book of Job is to demonstrate the theological possibility of righteous, innocent suffering. Elsewhere, Jesus also affirms that sin and disaster are not always directly related (Luke 13:2–3).

9:3 the works of God Rather than being the result of sin, hardship and suffering may be part of God’s plan to reveal His power.

9:4 while it is day Jesus’ enigmatic saying invokes the opposition of light and darkness. They must accomplish the mission while the light of the world (John 8:12; 9:5) is still among them.

9:5 I am the light of the world See 8:12 and note.

9:6 he spat Saliva was associated with magical practices in the Graeco-Roman world. Compare Mark 8:23.

Miracles Unique to John’s Gospel

Water to Wine, John 2:1–11

Official’s Son Healed, 4:46–52

Paralytic Healed, 5:1–13

Blind Man Healed, 9:1–12

Lazarus Raised, 11:38–44

Great Catch of Fish, 21:1–14

9:7 wash Compare Elisha’s healing of Naaman the Syrian in 2 Kgs 5:10–13.

pool of Siloam Part of the water system of the city of David, in the older southeastern part of Jerusalem. Siloam likely had some mythological reputation surrounding it, suggesting that someone could be healed by entering the pool at particular times under certain conditions.

This passage is the only nt reference to this pool. The pool was a reservoir that originally collected water from the channels on the west side of the Kidron Valley. Hezekiah had a tunnel dug to direct water into the pool from the Gihon spring (2 Kgs 20:20; 2 Chr 32:20). Parts of this water system are likely referenced in the ot in Isa 7:3; 8:6; 36:2; Neh 3:15.

Siloam ISBE

9:8 one who used to sit and beg The man was a fixture in the area. People who are used to seeing him are astonished at his healing; some even deny that it can be the same man.

9:13 Pharisees See note on John 1:24.

9:14 the Sabbath See 5:9 and note; and 5:10 and note.

9:16 there was a division among them The disagreement is based on differing interpretations of Jesus’ act. The healing is either a sin (because it was performed on the Sabbath) or a miraculous sign. The law cautioned people to be wary of teachers who might lead them astray by performing signs and wonders (Deut 13:1–5).

9:17 He is a prophet See John 4:19 and note.

9:18 the Jews Earlier identified as the Pharisees (v. 13).

they summoned the parents To verify the identity of the man and corroborate that he had, in fact, been born blind. It is unlikely their investigation was conducted on the Sabbath.

9:21 he will speak for himself The parents are trying to excuse themselves from further inquiry by disclaiming legal responsibility for their son.

9:22 expelled from the synagogue Tantamount to being excluded from the community. The synagogue was the community gathering place. See note on Mark 1:21.

The expulsion of Jesus’ followers from the synagogue at this time would be unusual due to the marginal nature of the early Christian movement. For this reason, the reference is sometimes understood to be anachronistic and pointing to events later in the first century ad, as the division between Jews and Christians widened. Later Jewish liturgy attributed to the late first century added a benediction (birkat ha-minim) to the daily prayers that seemed designed to exclude Christians from the Jewish synagogue.

Synagogue DJG

9:24 Give glory to God Instead of credit to Jesus who, in their estimation, was only a man.

We know that this man is a sinner Because He had broken the Sabbath by healing a man (see John 9:16).

9:28 disciples of Moses The Pharisees took special pride in their study of Torah, the law of Moses (see note on 7:19).

Their appeal to Moses is ironic based on Jesus’ words in 5:45–47, where He pointed out that their knowledge of Moses’ writings should have led them to recognize Him as Messiah.

John 9:28 ZIBBC NT 2

9:31 God does not listen to sinners The man offers the experts in the law his own interpretation. God listens to the righteous, not sinners, so the man who healed him cannot be a sinner.

9:34 You were born completely in sin See note on v. 2. The self-styled experts bristle at the man’s spiritual insight and resort to an appeal to the traditional theology linking his disability with sin.

9:35 the Son of Man See note on 1:51.

9:38 I believe The formerly blind man is the only one to respond appropriately to Jesus. His journey from physical blindness to sight also symbolized his transition from spiritual darkness to finding the light of the world (v. 5).

9:39 those who do not see may see Giving sight to the blind was one of the miraculous signs expected to accompany the coming of the Messiah. See Isa 42:7.

those who see may become blind Compare Isa 6:9–10.

9:41 If you were blind, you would not have sin If the Pharisees were truly without knowledge of God and His requirements, then they would not be accountable for breaking that law (compare Rom 1:18–20; 3:20).

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