^12:1Now these are the kings of the land whom the Israelites defeated and drove from their land¹ on the east side of the Jordan,² from the Arnon Valley to Mount Hermon, including all the eastern Arabah:

^12:2King Sihon of the Amorites who lived³ in Heshbon and ruled from Aroer (on the edge of the Arnon Valley)—including the city in the middle of the valley⁴ and half of Gilead—all the way to the Jabbok Valley bordering Ammonite territory. ^12:3His kingdom included⁵ the eastern Arabah from the Sea of Kinnereth⁶ to the Sea of the Arabah (the Salt Sea),⁷ including the route to Beth Jeshimoth and the area southward below the slopes of Pisgah.

^12:4The territory of King Og of Bashan, one of the few remaining Rephaites,⁸ who lived⁹ in Ashtaroth and Edrei ^12:5and ruled over Mount Hermon, Salecah, all of Bashan to the border of the Geshurites and Maacathites, and half of Gilead as far as the border of King Sihon of Heshbon.

^12:6Moses the Lord’s servant and the Israelites defeated them and Moses the Lord’s servant assigned their land¹⁰ to Reuben, Gad, and the half tribe of Manasseh.

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Footnotes

1 Heb “and took possession of their land.”
2 Heb “beyond the Jordan, toward the rising of the sun.”
3 Or perhaps, “reigned.”
4 The reads here, “and the middle of the valley,” but the reading “the city in the middle of valley” can be reconstructed on the basis of Josh 13:9, 16.
5 The words “his kingdom included” are supplied in the translation for clarification.
6 The Sea of Kinnereth is another name for the Sea of Galilee. See the note on the word “Kinnereth” in .
7 The Salt Sea is another name for the Dead Sea.
8 Heb “from the remnant of the Rephaites.” The Rephaites were apparently an extremely tall ethnic group. See Deut 2:10–11, 20; 3:11.
9 Or perhaps “who reigned.”
10 Heb “gave it for a possession.”