Logos Bible Study

Isaiah 2:11–22

The NET BibleOther versions

English

Arabic

Czech

French

German

Hebrew

Hungarian

Italian

Korean

Latin

Portuguese

Russian

Simplified Chinese

Spanish

Traditional Chinese

2:11Proud men will be brought low,

arrogant men will be humiliated;26

the Lord alone will be exalted27

in that day.

2:12Indeed, the Lord who commands armies has planned a day of judgment,28

for29 all the high and mighty,

for all who are proud—they will be humiliated;

2:13for all the cedars of Lebanon,

that are so high and mighty,

for all the oaks of Bashan;30

2:14for all the tall mountains,

for all the high hills,31

2:15for every high tower,

for every fortified wall,

2:16for all the large ships,32

for all the impressive33 ships.34

2:17Proud men will be humiliated,

arrogant men will be brought low;35

the Lord alone will be exalted36

in that day.

2:18The worthless idols will be completely eliminated.37

2:19They38 will go into caves in the rocky cliffs

and into holes in the ground,39

trying to escape the dreadful judgment of the Lord40

and his royal splendor,

when he rises up to terrify the earth.41

2:20At that time42 men will throw

their silver and gold idols,

which they made for themselves to worship,43

into the caves where rodents and bats live,44

2:21so they themselves can go into the crevices of the rocky cliffs

and the openings under the rocky overhangs,45

trying to escape the dreadful judgment of the Lord46

and his royal splendor,

when he rises up to terrify the earth.47

2:22Stop trusting in human beings,

whose life’s breath is in their nostrils.

For why should they be given special consideration?

Read in Logos

Footnotes

  1. 26 Heb “and the eyes of the pride of men will be brought low, and the arrogance of men will be brought down.” The repetition of the verbs שָׁפַל (shafal) and שָׁחָח (shakhakh) from v. 9 draws attention to the appropriate nature of the judgment. Those proud men who “bow low” before idols will be forced to “bow low” before God when he judges their sin.
  2. 27 Or “elevated”; “honored.”
  3. 28 Heb “indeed [or “for”] the Lord who commands armies [traditionally, the Lord of hosts] has a day.”
  4. 29 Or “against” (, , ).
  5. 30 The cedars of Lebanon and oaks of Bashan were well-known for their size and prominence. They make apt symbols here for powerful men who think of themselves as prominent and secure.
  6. 31 The high mountains and hills symbolize the apparent security of proud men, as do the high tower and fortified wall of v. 15.
  7. 32 Heb “the ships of Tarshish.” This probably refers to large ships either made in or capable of traveling to the distant western port of Tarshish.
  8. 33 Heb “desirable”; , “stately”; “beautiful.”
  9. 34 On the meaning of this word, which appears only here in the Hebrew Bible, see H. R. Cohen, Biblical Hapax Legomena (), 41–42. The ships mentioned in this verse were the best of their class, and therefore an apt metaphor for the proud men being denounced in this speech.
  10. 35 Heb “and the pride of men will be brought down, and the arrogance of men will be brought low.” As in v. 11, the repetition of the verbs שָׁפַל (shafal) and שָׁחָח (shakhakh) from v. 9 draws attention to the appropriate nature of the judgment. Those proud men who “bow low” before idols will be forced to “bow low” before God when he judges their sin.
  11. 36 Or “elevated”; “praised”; “honored.”
  12. 37 The verb “pass away” is singular in the Hebrew text, despite the plural subject (“worthless idols”) that precedes. The verb should be emended to a plural; the final vav (ו) has been accidentally omitted by haplography (note the vav at the beginning of the immediately following form). Heb “will completely pass away”; “shall utterly pass away.”
  13. 38 The identity of the grammatical subject is unclear. The “idols” could be the subject; they will “go” into the caves and holes when the idolaters throw them there in their haste to escape God’s judgment (see vv. 20–21). The picture of the idols, which represent the foreign deities worshiped by the people, fleeing from the Lord would be highly polemical and fit the overall mood of the chapter. However it seems more likely that the idolaters themselves are the subject, for v. 10 uses similar language in sarcastically urging them to run from judgment.
  14. 39 Heb “dust”; “into the holes of the earth.”
  15. 40 Heb “from the dread of the Lord,” that is, from the dread that he produces in the objects of his judgment.” The words “trying to escape” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.
  16. 41 Or “land.” It is not certain if these verses are describing the judgment of Judah (see vv. 6–9) or a more universal judgment on all proud men.
  17. 42 Or “in that day” ().
  18. 43 Or “bow down to.”
  19. 44 Heb “to the shrews and to the bats.” On the meaning of חֲפַרְפָּרָה (khafarparah, “shrew”), see חֲפַרְפָּרָה. The text as it stands (לַחְפֹּר פֵּרוֹת, perot lakhpor), makes no sense. Based on Theodotion’s transliteration and a similar reading in the Qumran scroll 1QIsaa, most scholars suggest that the mistakenly divided a noun (a ) that should be translated “moles,” “shrews,” or “rodents.”
  20. 45 The precise point of vv. 20–21 is not entirely clear. Are they taking the idols into their hiding places with them, because they are so attached to their man-made images? Or are they discarding the idols along the way as they retreat into the darkest places they can find? In either case it is obvious that the gods are incapable of helping them.
  21. 46 Heb “from the dread of the Lord,” that is, from the dread that he produces in the objects of his judgment.” The words “trying to escape” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.
  22. 47 Or “land.” It is not certain if these verses are describing the judgment of Judah (see vv. 6–9) or a more universal judgment on all proud men. Almost all English versions translate “earth,” taking this to refer to universal judgment.

The NET Bible First Edition, Copyright 1996-2005 by Biblical Studies Press