Genesis 9:24–25
The NET BibleOther versions
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9:24When Noah awoke from his drunken stupor53 he learned54 what his youngest son had done55 to him. 9:25So he said,
The lowest of slaves58
he will be to his brothers.”
Footnotes
- 53 Heb “his wine,” used here by metonymy for the drunken stupor it produced.
- 54 Heb “he knew.”
- 55 The Hebrew verb עָשָׂה (’asah, “to do”) carries too general a sense to draw the conclusion that Ham had to have done more than look on his father’s nakedness and tell his brothers.
- 56 For more on the curse, see H. C. Brichto, The Problem of “Curse” in the Hebrew Bible (), and J. Scharbert, 1:405–18.
- 57 Cursed be Canaan. The curse is pronounced on Canaan, not Ham. Noah sees a problem in Ham’s character, and on the basis of that he delivers a prophecy about the future descendants who will live in slavery to such things and then be controlled by others. (For more on the idea of slavery in general, see E. M. Yamauchi, “Slaves of God,” 9 [1966]: 31–49). In a similar way Jacob pronounced oracles about his sons based on their revealed character (see Gen 49).
- 58 Heb “a servant of servants” (עֶבֶד עֲבָדִים, ’eved ’avadim), an example of the superlative genitive. It means Canaan will become the most abject of slaves.
The NET Bible First Edition, Copyright 1996-2005 by Biblical Studies Press
In other versions
ESVEnglish Standard Version
When Noah awoke from his wine and knew what his youngest son had done to him, he said,
“Cursed be Canaan;
a servant of servants shall he be to his brothers.”
Copyright 2001 Crossway Bibles
NIVNew International Version (2011)
When Noah awoke from his wine and found out what his youngest son had done to him, he said,
“Cursed be Canaan!
The lowest of slaves
will he be to his brothers.”
Copyright 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 Biblica, Inc.
CSBChristian Standard Bible
When Noah awoke from his drinking and learned what his youngest son had done to him, he said:
Canaan is cursed.
He will be the lowest of slaves to his brothers.
Copyright 2017 Holman Bible Publishers
NLTNew Living Translation
When Noah woke up from his stupor, he learned what Ham, his youngest son, had done. Then he cursed Canaan, the son of Ham:
“May Canaan be cursed!
May he be the lowest of servants to his relatives.”
Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers. All rights reserved.
LEBThe Lexham English Bible
Then Noah awoke from his drunkenness, and he knew what his youngest son had done to him. And he said,
“Cursed be Canaan,
a slave of slaves he shall be to his brothers.”
Copyright 2012 Lexham Press
KJV 1900King James Version
And Noah awoke from his wine, and knew what his younger son had done unto him. And he said,
Cursed be Canaan;
A servant of servants shall he be unto his brethren.
Public Domain