Genesis 41–50

JOSEPH INTERPRETS PHARAOH’S DREAMS

41At the end of two years Pharaoh had a dream: He was standing beside the Nile,^{e 2}when seven healthy-looking, well-fed cows came up from the Nile and began to graze among the reeds. ³After them, seven other cows, sickly and thin, came up from the Nile and stood beside those cows along the bank of the Nile. ⁴The sickly, thin cows ate the healthy, well-fed cows. Then Pharaoh woke up. ⁵He fell asleep and dreamed a second time: Seven heads of grain, plump and good, came up on one stalk. ⁶After them, seven heads of grain, thin and scorched by the east wind, sprouted up. ⁷The thin heads of grain swallowed up the seven plump, full ones. Then Pharaoh woke up, and it was only a dream.

⁸When morning came, he was troubled,^f so he summoned all the magicians of Egypt and all its wise men.^g Pharaoh told them his dreams, but no one could interpret them for him.

⁹Then the chief cupbearer said to Pharaoh, “Today I remember my faults. ¹⁰Pharaoh was angry with his servants, and he put me and the chief baker in the custody of the captain of the guards. ¹¹He and I had dreams on the same night; each dream had its own meaning. ¹²Now a young Hebrew, a slave of the captain of the guards, was with us there. We told him our dreams, he interpreted our dreams for us, and each had its own interpretation. ¹³It turned out just the way he interpreted them to us: I was restored to my position, and the other man was hanged.”^h

¹⁴Then Pharaoh sent for Joseph, and they quickly brought him from the dungeon.^Ai He shaved, changed his clothes, and went to Pharaoh.^j

¹⁵Pharaoh said to Joseph, “I have had a dream, and no one can interpret it. But I have heard it said about you that you can hear a dream and interpret it.”^k

¹⁶“I am not able to,”^l Joseph answered Pharaoh. “It is God who will give Pharaoh a favorable answer.”^Bm

¹⁷So Pharaoh said to Joseph, “In my dream I was standing on the bank of the Nile, ¹⁸when seven well-fed, healthy-looking cows came up from the Nile and grazed among the reeds. ¹⁹After them, seven other cows—weak, very sickly, and thin—came up. I’ve never seen such sickly ones as these in all the land of Egypt. ²⁰Then the thin, sickly cows ate the first seven well-fed cows. ²¹When they had devoured them, you could not tell that they had devoured them; their appearance was as bad as it had been before. Then I woke up. ²²In my dream I also saw seven heads of grain, full and good, coming up on one stalk. ²³After them, seven heads of grain—withered, thin, and scorched by the east wind—sprouted up. ²⁴The thin heads of grain swallowed the seven good ones. I told this to the magicians, but no one can tell me what it means.”ⁿ

²⁵Then Joseph said to Pharaoh, “Pharaoh’s dreams mean the same thing. God has revealed to Pharaoh what he is about to do.^{o 26}The seven good cows are seven years, and the seven good heads are seven years. The dreams mean the same thing. ²⁷The seven thin, sickly cows that came up after them are seven years, and the seven worthless heads of grain scorched by the east wind are seven years of famine.^p

²⁸“It is just as I told Pharaoh: God has shown Pharaoh what he is about to do. ²⁹Seven years of great abundance are coming throughout the land of Egypt. ³⁰After them, seven years of famine will take place, and all the abundance in the land of Egypt will be forgotten. The famine will devastate the land.^{a 31}The abundance in the land will not be remembered because of the famine that follows it, for the famine will be very severe. ³²Since the dream was given twice to Pharaoh, it means that the matter has been determined by God, and he will carry it out soon.

³³“So now, let Pharaoh look for a discerning and wise man and set him over the land of Egypt. ³⁴Let Pharaoh do this: Let him appoint overseers over the land and take a fifth of the harvest of the land of Egypt during the seven years of abundance. ³⁵Let them gather all the excess food during these good years that are coming. Under Pharaoh’s authority, store the grain in the cities, so they may preserve it as food. ³⁶The food will be a reserve for the land during the seven years of famine that will take place in the land of Egypt. Then the country will not be wiped out by the famine.”

JOSEPH EXALTED

³⁷The proposal pleased Pharaoh and all his servants, ³⁸and he said to them, “Can we find anyone like this, a man who has God’s spirit^A in him?”^{b 39}So Pharaoh said to Joseph, “Since God has made all this known to you, there is no one as discerning and wise as you are. ⁴⁰You will be over my house, and all my people will obey your commands.^Bc Only I, as king,^C will be greater than you.” ⁴¹Pharaoh also said to Joseph, “See, I am placing you over all the land of Egypt.” ⁴²Pharaoh removed his signet ring from his hand and put it on Joseph’s hand, clothed him with fine linen garments, and placed a gold chain around his neck.^{d 43}He had Joseph ride in his second chariot, and servants called out before him, “Make way!”^D So he placed him over all the land of Egypt. ⁴⁴Pharaoh said to Joseph, “I am Pharaoh and no one will be able to raise his hand or foot in all the land of Egypt without your permission.” ⁴⁵Pharaoh gave Joseph the name Zaphenath-paneah and gave him a wife, Asenath daughter of Potiphera, priest at On. And Joseph went throughout^F the land of Egypt.

JOSEPH’S ADMINISTRATION

⁴⁶Joseph was thirty years old when he entered the service of Pharaoh king of Egypt. Joseph left Pharaoh’s presence and traveled throughout the land of Egypt.

⁴⁷During the seven years of abundance the land produced outstanding harvests. ⁴⁸Joseph gathered all the excess food in the land of Egypt during the seven years and put it in the cities. He put the food in every city from the fields around it. ⁴⁹So Joseph stored up grain in such abundance—like the sand of the sea—that he stopped measuring it because it was beyond measure.

⁵⁰Two sons were born to Joseph before the years of famine arrived.^e Asenath daughter of Potiphera, priest at On, bore them to him. ⁵¹Joseph named the firstborn Manasseh^G and said, “God has made me forget all my hardship and my whole family.” ⁵²And the second son he named Ephraim^H and said, “God has made me fruitful in the land of my affliction.”

⁵³Then the seven years of abundance in the land of Egypt came to an end, ⁵⁴and the seven years of famine began, just as Joseph had said. There was famine in every land, but in the whole land of Egypt there was food. ⁵⁵When the whole land of Egypt was stricken with famine, the people cried out to Pharaoh for food. Pharaoh told all Egypt, “Go to Joseph and do whatever he tells you.” ⁵⁶Now the famine had spread across the whole region, so Joseph opened all the storehouses and sold grain to the Egyptians, for the famine was severe in the land of Egypt. ⁵⁷Every land came to Joseph in Egypt to buy grain, for the famine was severe in every land.^f

JOSEPH’S BROTHERS IN EGYPT

42When Jacob learned that there was grain in Egypt,^g he said to his sons, “Why do you keep looking at each other? ²Listen,” he went on, “I have heard there is grain in Egypt. Go down there and buy some for us so that we will live and not die.”^{h 3}So ten of Joseph’s brothers went down to buy grain from Egypt. ⁴But Jacob did not send Joseph’s brother Benjamin with his brothers, for he thought, “Something might happen to him.”

⁵The sons of Israel were among those who came to buy grain, for the famine was in the land of Canaan. ⁶Joseph was in charge of the country; he sold grain to all its people. His brothers came and bowed down before him with their faces to the ground.^{a 7}When Joseph saw his brothers, he recognized them, but he treated them like strangers and spoke harshly to them.

“Where do you come from?” he asked.

“From the land of Canaan to buy food,” they replied.

⁸Although Joseph recognized his brothers, they did not recognize him. ⁹Joseph remembered his dreams about them^b and said to them, “You are spies. You have come to see the weakness of the land.”

¹⁰“No, my lord. Your servants have come to buy food,” they said. ¹¹“We are all sons of one man. We are honest; your servants are not spies.”

¹²“No,” he said to them. “You have come to see the weakness of the land.”

¹³But they replied, “We, your servants, were twelve brothers, the sons of one man in the land of Canaan. The youngest is now with our father, and one is no longer living.”

¹⁴Then Joseph said to them, “I have spoken:^C ‘You are spies!’ ¹⁵This is how you will be tested: As surely as Pharaoh lives, you will not leave this place unless your youngest brother comes here. ¹⁶Send one from among you to get your brother. The rest of you will be imprisoned so that your words can be tested to see if they are true. If they are not, then as surely as Pharaoh lives, you are spies!” ¹⁷So Joseph imprisoned them together for three days.

¹⁸On the third day Joseph said to them, “I fear God^c—do this and you will live. ¹⁹If you are honest, let one of you^D be confined to the guardhouse, while the rest of you go and take grain to relieve the hunger of your households. ²⁰Bring your youngest brother to me so that your words can be confirmed; then you won’t die.” And they consented to this.

²¹Then they said to each other, “Obviously, we are being punished for what we did to our brother. We saw his deep distress when he pleaded with us, but we would not listen. That is why this trouble has come to us.”^d

²²But Reuben replied, “Didn’t I tell you not to harm the boy?^e But you wouldn’t listen. Now we must account for his blood!”^A

²³They did not realize that Joseph understood them, since there was an interpreter between them. ²⁴He turned away from them and wept. When he turned back and spoke to them, he took Simeon from them and had him bound before their eyes. ²⁵Joseph then gave orders to fill their containers with grain, return each man’s silver to his sack, and give them provisions for their journey. This order was carried out. ²⁶They loaded…