John’s fifth manifestation begins in verse 12 where he introduces a series of controversial teachings of Jesus. The first of these teachings comprises vv. 12–20, where we encounter the second of the “I AM” sayings of Jesus. Here, Jesus presents Himself as the Light of the World. Light, like life, in John’s Gospel, always possesses a principled element, that is, its effect is fundamental to spiritual survival. The basis for the Johannine