Believers in an Authoritative God are just as likely to see God as a loving being as those with other conceptions of God. The difference is that these believers, like Peter, show a greater tendency to think that God is also willing to judge and punish and that the bad and good things that happen to us are likely of his making. As such, Americans with this perspective view human suffering as the result of divine action. Like believers in the Authoritative God, believers in a Benevolent