per hour. At this rate, the projectile could easily penetrate the body or inflict deadly wounds even without penetrating.21 How accurate were ancient slingers, and at what range? The Roman historian Livy (59 BC–AD 17) wrote of Greek slingers who “would wound not merely the heads of their enemies but any part of the face at which they might have aimed.”22 David’s skill against Goliath appears to reflect equal accuracy, but the Benjamites’ hair-width aim may suggest poetic exaggeration. The range