first centuries CE was not as simple as we might expect. Nonetheless, the forms of scripture used by the New Testament authors is an important question, and Augustine and others throughout history argued that if the New Testament authors used the Septuagint, the Church ought to affirm its authority as well. Moreover, the creation of the concept of an “Old Testament” by the New Testament authors and early Christians depended almost entirely on the availability of these scriptures in Greek for a Mediterranean