Texts from the Amarna Period in Egypt (Biblia.com)

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In the middle of the fourteenth century B.C.E., Egypt’s polytheistic religion was suddenly attacked by its most traditional upholder, the pharaoh. The short-lived revolution that followed continues to be as disturbing and enigmatic as the “heretic king,” Akhenaten, who set it in motion. Was Akhenaten the first monotheist, as he is widely reputed to be, or was he an opportunist, possibly even an...

mankind” (Aldred 1988: 303–6) emerges in other pages as a pathetic and even sinister figure—not a latter-day St. Francis of Assisi but a foreshadowing of the mad caliph el-Hakim (Ray 1985:93). Akhenaten the family man seems now to have prevailed, after much controversy, over Akhenaten the homosexual (see Engelbach 1940; Harris 1973a—b, 1974a; Allen 1994a); but there is still enough in dispute to warrant the title of a recent review article, “Akhenaten versus Akhenaten” (Eaton-Krauss 1990). One paradoxical

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