Israel over to their enemies in payment for their idolatry. 1:21–24 God gave them over in the sinful desires of their hearts. Three times in 1:22–32 Paul says that God gave the Gentiles over/up to judgment. In 1:21–24 there is an implied connection between idolatry and immorality. The bottom line for Paul is that God’s wrath upon those who reject him as the Creator often takes the form of letting people suffer the consequences of getting what they want. To put it another way, we become like that