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John: An Introduction and Commentary (2nd Ed.) is unavailable, but you can change that!

Among the Gospels, John’s is unique. It has a structure with long conversations and extended debates, and much of its content is not found elsewhere. Jesus’ relationship to the Father and his teaching on the Holy Spirit are given special prominence. Ultimately, faith, believing in Jesus, is at the center—with signs highlighted to provoke faith and stories of those who responded to Jesus as...

in various ways, but for reasons outlined below (‘Additional note: being born of water and the Spirit’) it is probably best interpreted to mean the same as being born again/from above. Once again, then, Jesus was saying to Nicodemus that being born a Jew would not guarantee entrance to the kingdom; he must be born from above, born of water and the Spirit. Additional note: being born of water and the Spirit This expression has been interpreted in four main ways: 1. Baptism in water by John the Baptist
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