that might initially be thought to work this way—for example, pathos or epithumia—is in fact a counterpart concept. So we will have to look at what the New Testament says about the things we would be inclined to call emotions—joy, gratitude, anger, fear, hope, peace—and then craft a concept that suits these things. In the New Testament, the mental states that we call emotions appear to have the following properties: 1. They are very important. To have the right kind of joy, gratitude, hope, peace,