appropriately translated to mean: they have been filled and still are filled with sin. Most, therefore, see Paul being just as serious in condemning same-sex relations in 1:24, 26–27, as he is in condemning idolatry and the many sins listed in 1:29–31. Paul is, nevertheless, engaging in a rhetorical ploy. He sets up those Christian Jews who would join his condemnation of Gentiles with glee, only to confront them in 2:1–16 with their own sin, but not in a way that he takes back anything he has said