Callahan said these diverse moral positions constitute different aspects of a widely accepted moral axiom—that is, minimalist ethics—that can be expressed in a single proposition: One may morally act in any way one chooses so long as one does not do harm to others.1 The fourth shift is related to the third, but is manifested in the area of freedom, moving from a classic model to a contemporary version. Classically, freedom meant the power to do what one ought to do. Thus, one is free to play the