singular (“You,” “He,” vv. 31–32). Following the Adam story, the text returns to first-person singular (vv. 40–41). Abrupt changes in voice are common in the Quran. Muslims understand both plural and singular to be the voice of Allah and explain the “We” to mean not a plural deity but the so-called “royal we,” or pluralis majestatis, an honorific plural. The story of Adam repeats in different versions in 7.10–27 and 20.115–23. See the analysis of the Quran’s Adam stories at 20.121 (p. 327). Some