A similar view is expressed by Pieter van der Horst, who locates the burgeoning Enochic traditions within the intensified “meeting of cultures” of the Hellenistic period. For van der Horst, the Enochic traditions are active players in a competition between cultures, each claiming greater antiquity.102 In my view, while van der Horst is absolutely right to call attention to the pluralistic matrix in which these traditions take shape, we do not see in the early Enochic literature evidence of a competition