other synonyms for “he-goat” are also used, are attested as the objects of veneration. This is the case in Lev 17:7 and 2 Chr 11:15—this latter passage suggests that Jeroboam I had established a special cult for them. According to some texts, they were closely associated with demoniac dances, see for example Isa 13:21: וּשְׂעִירִים יְרַקְּדוּ.368 The apocalyptic wasteland, which they were believed to inhabit after God’s judgment on the nations (Isa 34:14), may in the end resemble somehow the apparently