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The papal encyclical letters express the pope’s mind normally on matters of faith and morals. Apostolic exhortations often concern similar topics but do not define doctrine and are normally directed at encouraging certain groups within the Church to certain activities. In recent decades apostolic exhortations have most often been issued at the conclusion of synods of bishops and have served as...

The more the laity’s own sense of vocation is deepened, the more what is proper to the priest stands out.”(6) 4. In the ecclesial experience that is typical of the synod (i.e., “a unique experience on a universal basis of episcopal communion, which strengthens the sense of the universal Church and the sense of responsibility of the bishops toward the universal Church and her mission, in affective and effective communion around Peter”),(7) the voice of the various particular churches—and in this synod,