foreseeing that he would justify the Gentiles by faith, preached the gospel of justification by faith to Abraham in advance. Both God’s foresight and foreknowledge are referred to in Luke’s rendition of Peter’s sermon on Pentecost. Peter proclaims, “This Jesus, delivered up according to the definite plan and foreknowledge of God, you crucified and killed by the hands of lawless men” (Acts 2:23). Then citing Psalm 16:8–11, in which David says, “I saw the Lord always before me [prooraō],” Peter comments,