John writes to be understood (Rev 1:3) and specifically points out here that the wise one who follows the interpretive angel’s declaration will understand: “Here is the mind which has wisdom. The seven heads are seven mountains on which the woman sits” (Rev 17:9). On both the early-date and late-date views, Revelation’s recipients live under the rule of Rome, which is universally distinguished by its seven hills. How could the recipients, living in the seven historical churches of Asia Minor and