relative to Joshua in the Hebrew Bible and especially his namesake book that sharpen this question. Joshua appears in two basic roles in the Bible: as Moses’ helper and successor, who led the conquest of Canaan, and as one of the spies who, along with Caleb, brought back a favorable report (Numbers 13–14). However, some suspect that his presence as a faithful spy may be secondary in the tradition, since Caleb appears alone in some contexts (Num 13:30–31; Deut 1:36–38) and since Joshua is identified