ARMIES. Who of the Israelites were subject to service in, Num. 1:2, 3; 26:2; 2 Chr. 25:5; who were exempt from service in, Num. 1:47–50; 2:33; Deut. 20:5–9; Judg. 7:3. Enumeration of Israel’s military forces, Num. 1:2, 3; 26:2; 1 Sam. 11:8; 2 Sam. 18:1, 2; 24:1–9; 1 Kin. 20:15; 2 Chr. 25:5. Levies for, Num. 31:4; Judg. 20:10. Compulsory service in, 1 Sam. 14:52. See Cowardice. Chain of command: Commander-in-chief, 1 Sam. 14:50; 2 Sam. 2:8; 8:16; 17:25; 19:13; 20:23; generals of corps and divisions, Num. 2:3–31; 1 Chr. 27:1–22; 2 Chr. 17:12–19; captains of thousands, Num. 31:14, 48; 1 Sam. 17:18; 1 Chr. 28:1; 2 Chr. 25:5; of hundreds, Num. 31:14, 48; 2 Kin. 11:15; 1 Chr. 28:1; 2 Chr. 25:5; of fifties, 2 Kin. 1:9; Isa. 3:3. See Cavalry; Chariots. Rendezvous of. Methods employed in effecting: Sounding a trumpet, Num. 10:9; Judg. 3:27; 6:34; 1 Sam. 13:3, 4; cutting oxen in pieces, and sending the pieces throughout Israel, 1 Sam. 11:7. Refusal to obey the summons, instance of, Judg. 21:5–11, with Judg. 20. Tactics: Camp and march, Num. 2. March in ranks, Ex. 13:18 [marg.]; 1 Chr. 12:33; Joel 2:7. Move, in attack, in three divisions, Judg. 7:16; 9:43; 1 Sam. 11:11; 13:17, 18; 2 Sam. 18:2; Job 1:17. Flanks called wings, Isa. 8:8. See Strategy. Orders delivered with trumpets, 2 Sam. 2:28; 18:16; 20:1, 22; Neh. 4:18, 20. Stratagems: Ambushes, at Ai, Josh. 8:2–22; Shechem, Judg. 9:25, 34; Gibeah, Judg. 20:29–43; Zemaraim, 2 Chr. 13:13. By Jehoshaphat, 2 Chr. 20:22. Reconnoissances: Of Jericho, Josh. 2:1–24; Ai, Josh. 7:2, 3; Beth-el, Judg. 1:23, 24; Laish, Judg. 18:2–10. Night attacks, Gen. 14:15; Judg. 7:16–22. Decoy, Josh. 8:4–22; Judg. 20:29–43; Neh. 6. Delay, 2 Sam. 17:7–14. Celerity of action: Abraham, in pursuit of Chedorlaomer, Gen. 14:14, 15. Joshua, against the Amorites, Josh. 10:6, 9; the confederated kings, Josh. 11:7. David’s attack upon the Philistines, 2 Sam. 5:23–25. Forced marches, Isa. 5:26, 27. Sieges: Jer. 39:1; of Jericho, Josh. 6; Samaria, 2 Kin. 6:24–33; 7; Jerusalem, 2 Kin. 25:1–3. “Engines” used, 2 Chr. 26:15; Jer. 6:6 [marg.]; Ezek. 26:9. Fortifications, Judg. 9:31; 2 Sam. 5:9; 2 Kin. 25:1; 2 Chr. 11:11; 26:9; Neh. 3:8; 4:2; Isa. 22:10; 25:12; 29:3; 32:14; Jer. 6:6; 32:24; 33:4; 51:53; Ezek. 4:2; 17:17; 21:22; 26:8; 33:27; Dan. 11:15, 19; Nah. 2:1; 3:14. Standards, Num. 2:2, 3, 10, 17, 18, 25, 31, 34; 10:14, 18, 22, 25. Uniforms of, Ezek. 23:6, 12; Nah. 2:3. Standing armies, 1 Sam. 13:2; 1 Chr. 27; 2 Chr. 1:14; 17:12–19; 26:11–15. Religious ceremonies attending: Seeking counsel from God before battle, Num. 27:21; Judg. 1:1; 1 Sam. 14:19, 37–41; 23:2–12; 30:8; 2 Sam. 2:1; 5:19, 23; 1 Kin. 22:7–28; 2 Kin. 3:11–19; 1 Chr. 14:10, 14; Jer. 37:7–10; sacrifices, 1 Sam. 13:11, 12; purifications, Num. 31:19–24; prophets prophesy before, 2 Chr. 20:14–17; holiness enjoined, Deut. 23:9; officers consecrate themselves to God, 2 Chr. 17:16. Army choir and songs, 2 Chr. 20:21, 22. Ark taken to battle, Josh. 6:6, 7, 13; 1 Sam. 4:4–11. Divine assistance to: When Aaron and Hur held up Moses’ hands, Ex. 17:11, 12; in siege of Jericho, Josh. 6; sun stands still, Josh. 10:11–14; Gideon’s victory. Judg. 7; Samaria’s deliverances, 1 Kin. 20; 2 Kin. 7; Jehoshaphat’s victories, 2 Kin. 3; 2 Chr. 20; angel of the Lord kills the Assyrians, 2 Kin. 19:35. Determine royal succession, 2 Sam. 2:8–10; 1 Kin. 16:16; 2 Kin. 11:4–12. Composed of insurgents, 1 Sam. 22:1, 2. Mercenaries, 2 Sam. 10:6; 1 Chr. 19:6, 7; 2 Chr. 25:5, 6. Confederated, Josh. 10:1–5; 11:1–5; Judg. 1:3; 2 Sam. 10:6, 15, 16, 19; 1 Kin. 15:20; 22:1–4; 2 Kin. 16:9; 18:19–21; 1 Chr. 19:6, 7; 2 Chr. 16:2–9; 18:1, 3; 20:1; 22:5; 28:16, 20; Psa. 83:1–12; Isa. 7:1–9; 8:9–12; 54:15. Exhorted before battle, Deut. 20:1–9. Battle shouts, Judg. 7:18; 1 Sam. 17:20, 52. Triumphs of, celebrated: With songs, Judg. 5; 1 Sam. 18:6, 7; music, 2 Chr. 20:28; dancing, 1 Sam. 18:6, 7. Rewards for meritorious conduct: The general offers his daughter in marriage, Josh. 15:16, 17; king offers his daughter, 1 Sam. 17:25; 18:17–28; promotion, 2 Sam. 23:8–39; 1 Chr. 11:6, 10–47; share the spoils, Num. 31:25–47. Children instructed in military arts, 2 Sam. 1:18. Insubordination in, punished, Achan, Josh. 7. Check roll-call, 1 Sam. 14:17; Num. 31:48, 49. Panics: Isa. 30:17; among the Midianites, Judg. 7:21; Philistines, 1 Sam. 14:15–19; Syrians, 2 Kin. 7:7–15. Soldiers destroy each other to escape captivity, 1 Sam. 14:20; 31:4–6. Champions fight instead of, 1 Sam. 17:8–53; 2 Sam. 2:14–17; 21:15–22. Confidence in, vain, Psa. 33:16; 44:6. Escort duty performed by, 2 Kin. 1:9; Acts 23:23, 24, 31–33. Roman army: Captains of, Acts 22:24–29; centurions, Matt. 8:5, 8; 27:54; Luke 7:2; 23:47; Acts 10:1, 7, 22; 21:32; 22:26; 23:17, 23; 24:23; 27:1, 11, 43; 28:16. Divided into “bands,” Acts 10:1; 27:1. For other than armies of the Israelites and Romans, see Amalekites; Assyria; Babylon; Egyptians; Midianites; Persia; Syria. For commissaries of, see Commissary. For weapons used, see Armor. See Ambush; Cavalry; Fort; Garrison; Hostages; Navy; Reconnoissance; Siege; Soldiers; Spies; Standard; Strategy; Truce; War.