OATH, a solemn qualification. Used in solemnizing covenants: Between Abraham and the king of Sodom, Gen. 14:22, 23; and Abimelech, Gen. 21:22, 23; between Isaac and Abimelech, Gen. 26:26–29, 31. Abraham requires oath of his servant Eliezer, Gen. 24:2, 3, 9. Esau confirms the sale of his birthright by, Gen. 25:33. Jacob confirms the covenant between him and Laban by, Gen. 31:53; requires Joseph to swear that he would bury him with his fathers, Gen. 47:28–31. Joseph requires a like oath, Gen. 50:25. Rahab requires an oath from the spies, Josh. 2:12–14; 6:22. The Israelites confirm the covenant with the Hivites, Josh. 9:3–20. Moses covenants with Caleb by, Josh. 14:9. The elders of Gilead confirm their pledge to Jephthah by, Judg. 11:10. The Israelites swear in Mizpeh, Judg. 21:5. Ruth swears to Naomi, Ruth 1:17. Boaz swears to Ruth, Ruth 3:13. Saul swears to Jonathan, 1 Sam. 19:6. Jonathan and David confirm a covenant by, 1 Sam. 20:3, 13–17. David swears to Saul, 1 Sam. 24:21, 22; 2 Sam. 21:7. Saul swears to the witch of En-dor, 1 Sam. 28:10. David swears not to eat until the sun goes down, 2 Sam. 3:35. Joab confirms his word by, 2 Sam. 19:7. David swears to Bath-sheba that Solomon shall be king, 1 Kin. 1:28, 29. Solomon confirms his word by, 1 Kin. 2:23; so also does Shimei, 1 Kin. 2:42. Elisha seals his vow to follow Elijah by, 2 Kin. 2:2. King of Samaria confirms his word with an, 2 Kin. 6:31. Gehazi confirms his lie by, 2 Kin. 5:20. Jehoiada requires an oath from the rulers, 2 Kin. 11:4. Zedekiah violates, 2 Chr. 36:13. Ezra requires, of the priests and Levites, Ezra 10:5, 19; so also does Nehemiah, Neh. 5:12, 13. Zedekiah swears to Jeremiah, Jer. 38:16. Gedaliah confirms his word by, Jer. 40:9. Peter confirms his denial of Jesus by, Mark 14:71.