often refers to those who have survived the wrath and judgment of God.24 Furthermore, to be buried in an unclean foreign land was considered the ultimate punishment (Amos 7:17). Naomi’s new position as the head of this household is reflected in the reversal of roles in the text; she is no longer Elimelech’s wife (v. 2); he is her husband (v. 3). And the sons are no longer Elimelech’s children but hers. From here on she will be the center of attention, and contrary to the expectations raised by vv.