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Mystici Corporis Christi is Pius XII’s encyclical on the nature of the Church. Drawing on St. Paul’s writings on the Church as the Body of Christ, Pope Pius describes the Church as a visible, living organism, animated by the Holy Spirit and with Christ as her invisible head. This important encyclical laid the groundwork for the doctrine of the Church articulated at the Second Vatican Council.

to make clear why the Body of Christ, which is the Church, should be called mystical. This name, which is used by many early writers, has the sanction of numerous Pontifical documents. There are several reasons why it should be used; for by it we may distinguish the Body of the Church, which is a Society whose Head and Ruler is Christ, from His physical Body, which, born of the Virgin Mother of God, now sits at the right hand of the Father and is hidden under the Eucharistic veils; and, that which