reside in the country, nor understand its language, but even, in their absence and incompetency, appointed no substitutes to perform their duties. In the numerous churches filled by them, it was declared there was neither almsgiving nor hospitality, nor any preaching nor care of souls whatever. In addition to this letter, other protests were from time to time made, either to the papal legates, or to those on whose behalf they acted. Although the Romish Church was predominant in the land, the people