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Tiamat A primordial Mesopotamian goddess who often is conceptualized as the sea; best known for her role in the Enuma Elish, an ancient Akkadian text (also known as the “Epic of Creation”). She is the narrative’s antagonist, defeated by Marduk in the original Babylonian version and by Assur in a later Assyrian version (Dalley, Myths from Mesopotamia, 228). Tiamat’s defeat marks the ascension of Marduk/Assur to supreme authority. The name “Tiamat” is related to the Akkadian words tiāmtu and tâmtu, which mean “sea.” Tiamat is the consort of Apsu, conceptualized as fresh water (Jacobsen, “The Battle between Marduk and Tiamat,” 105).
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