(present tense: 9:4a). The tense of the verb17 in 9:4a as well as the relationship18 between 9:1–5 and 9:6a resists every effort (e.g. of Johannes Munck and Lucien Cerfaux) to relegate the prerogatives of Israel to the past.19 Furthermore, Paul’s bold assertion that the glorious privileges of Israel belong to unbelieving Israel (the antecedent of οἵτινες, 9:4a) resists the effort of Erich Dinkler (“Praedestination,” 88) to argue from 9:6b (“Not all those from Israel are Israel”) that “the promises