David” (23–24*), and a description of the messianic age (vv. 25–31*). In contrast to this text, there is no criticism of the shepherds in Luke 2:8–20*. It is not surprising, in the city of David,50 not far from the “Tower of the Flock,” that shepherds, as representatives of the people, should be the first recipients of the good news. What was expected from Bethlehem since Micah 5 was, of course, not the birth of the Messiah among the shepherds, but the birth of a messianic shepherd.51 In the redaction,
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