divine protection and favor (Gen. 28:20–22). Jacob clearly believed that tithing was a pious practice. Several conclusions arise from these two examples of pre-Mosaic tithing. First, tithing was a voluntary practice. Nowhere does the biblical record state that God commanded either Abraham or Jacob to tithe.4 They tithed willingly. In the second place, Abraham’s tithing pleased God.5 Since Scripture favorably cites his example of tithing, and since the episode with Melchizedek has the aura of genuine
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