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This book traces the movements and counter-movements of theological thought through the centuries from the New Testament to the present. This work is divided in three parts: · Part 1 addresses the age of the church fathers · Part 2 covers the Middle Ages from Augustine to Luther · Part 3 moves from the Reformation to the mid-20th century.

Gnosticism’s fundamental metaphysics, which was defined most specifically in the work of Valentinus, has been described by the church father Irenaeus (Adversus haereses, I) and others. It is presented in mythological form under the hypostatization of a number of abstract concepts such as truth, wisdom, and reason. The basic point of view is dualistic in nature, which is to say that it proceeds from a contrast between the world of the spirit and the material world, together with a contrast between
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