be there is bad. Hence one common label for the classic view, stemming from this medieval terminology, is the privative account of the nature of evil. It means not that evil is sheer negation (as if, absurdly, whatever does not exist were evil) but rather that evil is what takes place when things are deprived of some good they ought to have. The black-and-white style of thinking is nowadays commonly labeled dualism. This term can be misleading, however, because there are many kinds of dualism. The