Whatever the understanding of spiritual warfare needs to be, the devil is an integral part of the story. So as a working definition, let me define spiritual warfare as that aspect of our common struggle as Christians against the machinations of malevolent spiritual creatures that are intent on thwarting God’s redemptive plan for his human creatures. A broader definition would take into account the way that our passions can arise within us and conduct war, as in James 4:1–2: “What causes quarrels
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