Loading…
10:1–19 Chapter 10 opens with the death of Nahash, king of the Ammonites. David sends envoys to Nahash’s son, Hanun, out of respect and insists that he honor their previous arrangement. After receiving foolish advice from his fellow Ammonites (see v. 3 and note), Hanun rebels and enlists the Arameans (Syrians) to assist him (v. 6). Since Yahweh is with David wherever he goes (8:6, 14), David defeats the rebellious vassals and regains control of their regions. A parallel account occurs in 1 Chr 19. |
10:1 the Ammonites The Ammonites lived on the eastern border of David’s territory.
10:2 Nahash See 1 Sam 11:1–11.
Nahash AYBD
his father showed loyal love Nahash had probably showed loyalty by making a treaty with David.
10:3 Hanun Hanun listens to the suspicions of his advisors, similar to how Rehoboam, another naïve young ruler, will later listen to bad advice (1 Kgs 12:6–11).
Hanun AYBD
10:4 half of their beards Hanun defaces their symbol of masculinity (see note on 1 Sam 21:13).
cut their garments off Symbolizes castration. See note on 1 Chr 19:4.
10:5 were greatly ashamed Hanun brings great dishonor on David’s servants by desecrating their bodies and garments and exposing their genitals.
Remain in Jericho David orders them to stay because they no longer conform to the standards of the Law in appearance or attire (see Lev 19:27; Num 15:38–39).
Jericho DOT: HB
10:6 Aram Beth-Rehob The Ammonites hire mercenaries from four Aramean (Syrian) kingdoms to the east and northeast of Israel. These mercenaries naturally would jump at any opportunity to attack David.
10:7 Joab David’s nephew and the commander of his army. See 2 Sam 2:13 and note.
10:8 at the entrance of the gate A siege battle was established. Compare 1 Chr 19:9.
in the open field Another battle front was established in an open field.
10:10 his brother Abishai See 2 Sam 2:18 and note.
10:12 let us strengthen ourselves In the Hebrew text, this pronouncement recalls Josh 1:6, 7, 9.
10:15 they gathered themselves together They prepare for a counterattack.
10:16 Hadadezer See 2 Sam 8:3–12.
Hadadezer AYBD
10:17 to Helam Located northeast of Ammon, where the Aramean (Syrian) forces are positioned (see v. 16).
Helam AYBD
10:19 the servants of Hadadezer Likely refers to smaller city-states in the northern regions of Syria and just beyond the Euphrates River.
Battles of Saul and David Table
served them They become vassals to David.
Aram was afraid Their most recent alliance with the Ammonites resulted in the deaths of roughly 41,000 Arameans (Syrians; see vv. 6, 18) and brought about their subjugation to David.
|
About Faithlife Study BibleFaithlife Study Bible (FSB) is your guide to the ancient world of the Old and New Testaments, with study notes and articles that draw from a wide range of academic research. FSB helps you learn how to think about interpretation methods and issues so that you can gain a deeper understanding of the text. |
| Copyright |
Copyright 2012 Logos Bible Software. |
| Support Info | fsb |