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16:1–43 In the first section (vv. 1–3), the Chronicler closely follows Samuel’s account of the ark being brought to Jerusalem (2 Sam 6:17–19). However, he then adds to it significantly. The Chronicler’s additions focus on worship, as the ark—the symbol of God’s presence—has returned to prominence. First, he notes David’s appointment of Levites to serve the worship at Jerusalem (1 Chr 16:4–7). Then he gives a lengthy thanksgiving psalm (vv. 8–36 and note). Finally, he lists the priests and Levites appointed for worship in both Jerusalem (vv. 37–38) and Gibeon (vv. 39–42). |
16:1 inside the tent See note on Psa 15:1.
16:2 the burnt offerings See Exod 29:38–42 and note.
the burnt offerings and fellowship offerings See Lev 3:1 and note.
16:4 as ministers before the ark of Yahweh The law set apart the Levites as “ministers” for the ark (Num 3:31; Deut 10:8).
to invoke, thank, and praise The word hizkir, translated “invoke,” means “to make known” or “to profess” (Psa 71:16). The Levites were to make Yahweh known by arranging for worship in the form of praise and thanksgiving.
16:5 Asaph Associated with several psalms. See Psa 73:title and note.
16:8–36 This thanksgiving psalm is a combination of other psalms. The first half (1 Chron 16:8–22) comes from Psa 105:1–15; most of the second half (1 Chron 16:23–33) is taken from Psa 96, while the final two verses (1 Chron 16:35–36) reflect Psa 106:1, 47–48. |
16:8–13 See Psa 105:1–6 and note. |
16:11 Seek Yahweh This is a theme throughout 1–2 Chronicles. See note on 2 Chr 11:16.
16:13 O sons of Jacob See note on Psa 105:6.
16:14–18 See Psa 105:7–11 and note. |
16:16 he made with Abraham A reference to God’s promise
to make Abraham a great nation (Gen 12:1–3; 13:14–17; 15:5–21).
16:17 an everlasting covenant This terminology is first used to describe God’s covenant with humanity after the flood (Gen 9:16). God uses it in reference to His covenant with Abraham in Gen 17:7.
16:19–22 See Psa 105:12–15 and note. |
16:22 my anointed See note on Psa 105:15.
16:23–33 See Psa 96:1–13 and note. |
16:23 his salvation The Hebrew word used here, yeshu'ah, can refer to help or deliverance. In Psalms, it often refers to God’s help in defeating enemies (Psa 33:16–17).
16:24 among all the peoples While the psalm emphasizes God’s special care for Israel and His covenant with them (1 Chron 16:15–18), it also reaches further as it encourages the proclamation of God’s glory and work among all people and nations.
16:26 idols See note on Psa 96:5. The worthlessness of other gods is contrasted with the great power of Yahweh who made the heavens.
16:28 Ascribe to Yahweh All people are encouraged to come before the ark and worship Yahweh by ascribing to Him the glory that He deserves.
16:31 Let the heavens rejoice The praise of Yahweh expands as creation itself is encouraged to rejoice in God’s sovereign reign.
16:34 give thanks to Yahweh This verse is most likely adapted from Psa 106:1, although both refrains are common throughout Psalms (Pss 107:1; 118:1; 136:1).
his loyal love is everlasting This refrain acts as a repeated chorus in some psalms (Pss 118:1–4; 136:1–26).
16:35–36 See Psa 106:47–48 and note. |
16:35 the nations A reference to the exile. The Chronicler inserts this verse from Psa 106, a psalm that reflects on Israel’s history from the perspective of the exile. This verse would remind the Chronicler’s audience of returned exiles how God faithfully delivered them and returned them to the covenant land (1 Chron 16:18).
16:37–43 The Chronicler concludes the story of the ark’s placement in Jerusalem by listing the specific Levites who were charged with ministering before the ark. In addition to the Levites charged with ministering before the ark, the Chronicler lists priests whom David charged to minister at the tabernacle in Gibeon. |
16:39 before the tabernacle of See Exod 26:1 and note.
Gibeon City in Benjamin, just north of Jerusalem. The tabernacle apparently came to rest there, although this is not mentioned in the Samuel account. Yahweh appeared to Solomon there in a dream (1 Kgs 3:3–9).
Gibeon ISBE
Gibeon EDB
16:40 the altar of burnt offering See Exod 27:1–8 and note.
16:41 Heman Grandson of the prophet Samuel (1 Chron 6:33).
Jeduthun Associated with three of psalms (see Pss 39:title; 62:title; 77:title).
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