there seems to me no way to make sense of this dichotomy, particularly the existence of the soul in the intermediate state (after death, but before the resurrection of the body), without a notion that the soul is some kind of immaterial substance. However, on the basis of a great deal of brain research, it would appear that God has established that in this age (in contrast to the intermediate state), the soul is thoroughly brain-dependent, by which I mean that everything the soul experiences (perceives,