knowledge gained in the past few hundred years. Having done so, ask the critics, wouldn’t it be more honest simply to abandon the religion altogether as an unreliable guide to knowledge and truth? Religious moderates wish to have it both ways, and the critics view that as a lack of integrity. The critics say, however, that the worst problem with religious moderation is that it provides the context in which extremism can grow and in which religious violence can never be fervently opposed. Without