number of churches, each of whose names could have been inserted in a gap in 1:1. (We know of no precedents for this technique, but that does not mean that it could not have happened.) • Was it sent to any particular destination? The facts that it was later thought to be for Ephesus and that it has links to Colossians strongly suggest that it may have been meant for congregations in Asia. This is a very early guess. The second-century Christian Marcion identified it with the letter to Laodicea of