instead, the horizon shifted to the end times and a golden age of peace, righteousness, and prosperity. This expectation is denoted by the nonbiblical term “eschatology,” which refers to the “last” period of history or existence and takes two forms: prophetic and apocalyptic.1 Although they share many traits, prophetic eschatology differs from apocalyptic eschatology in that the former understood the oppression of the Jews by other nations as punishment by God for breaking the covenant (e.g., Amos