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The Eerdmans Companion to the Bible is unavailable, but you can change that!

Travelers about to visit a foreign country often study a guidebook with information about that country. Especially helpful are clear, easy-to-use maps, background information on the local area, and articles about important sites to visit. Similarly, the Bible confronts many readers today with a kind of “foreign country in writing” whose customs and culture aren’t always clear. The Eerdmans...

rebirth (by “water [a symbol of the Holy Spirit] and the Spirit”). By taking Jesus’ words as a reference to physical rebirth, Nicodemus demonstrates that he has not yet experienced spiritual rebirth, despite his belief in Jesus’ divine mission. And no wonder, for the windlike Holy Spirit exercises sovereign, unpredictable control in the realm of spiritual rebirth (v. 8). Jesus notes that people talk about what they know and observe (vv. 11–13). He himself knows not only about earthly phenomena but