slaves.321 Slavery was assumed, with no Graeco-Roman writer challenging it.322 People initially became slaves through war and kidnapping, and by the time of Paul, most were born into slavery, while others were foundlings (e.g., through exposure) or those sold, whether voluntarily, freeborn children, or to relieve debt.323 Slavery was no doubt as pervasive in the provinces, making up the work force of the empire (“human tools” [Aristotle]).324 Slavery had little religious meaning and was repudiated